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in vinculis/de

  • 1 In vinculis etiam audax

    Latin Quotes (Latin to English) > In vinculis etiam audax

  • 2 vinculum

    vinculum u. vinclum, ī, n. (vincio), das Band zum Binden, die Schlinge, der Strick, I) eig.: A) im allg.: epistulae, Nep.: corpora constricta vinculis, Cic.: aptare vincula collo, Strick, Ov.: vincula sibi exuere, Ov.: chartae vincula demere, Ov.: vincula epistulae laxare, Nep.: abrumpere vincula, v. Pferden, Liv.: vinculum insiti incīdere, Plin.: nodos et vincula linea rupit, Verg.: velut vinculis ori impositis reticentes, als hätten sie ein Schloß vor dem Munde, Amm.: vinclorum immensa volumina, von den caestus, Verg.: capilli vincula, Binden, Prop. – (poet.) meton. = die mit Bändern zierlich geschnürten Sandalen, s. die Ausleger zu Tibull. 1, 5, 66. – B) insbes., vincula, die Bande, Fesseln eines Gefangenen, u. meton. das Gefängnis, liber od. exsolutus vinculis, fessellos, Ps. Quint. decl. u. Suet.: u. so exutae vinclis palmae, Verg.: sed quam longe videtur a carcere atque a vinculis abesse debere, qui se ipse iam dignum custodiā iudicarit? Cic.: alqm obtortā gulā de convivio in vincula atque in tenebras abripi iubere, Cic.: abrumpere vincla, Enn. fr., od. vincula, Liv.: condere alqm (zB. captivos) in vincula, Liv.: conicere alqm in vincula, Caes.: ex vinculis causam dicere, Caes. u. Liv.: demere alci vincula, Liv.: cum de vinculis educitur audiendus, aus dem G. zum Verhöre vorgeführt wird, Amm.: effugere ex vinclis publicis, Nep.: eripere alqm ex vinculis, Curt.: esse in vinculis et catenis, Liv.: indere vincla, Tac.: inicere alci vincla, Tac.: irritari (wütend gemacht werden) vinculis, Liv.: laxare vincula, Ps. Quint. decl.: levare alqm vinculis, Liv. (u. so viro manicas atque arta levari vincla iubet, Verg.): liberare alqm vinculis, Liv.: alqm aeternis tenebris vinculisque mandare, Cic.: alqm Ardeam (nach A.) in vincula mittere, Liv.: onerare alqm vinculis, Iustin.: punire alqm vinculis aeternis, Val. Max.: rumpere alcis vincula, Cic.: solvere alcis vincula et claustra refringere, Cic. – II) übtr.: A) das Band, die Fessel, als Hemmungs- oder Einschränkungsmittel, a) konkr.: ex corporum vinculis evolare, Banden, Cic.: vincula solvere cado, Tibull.: vincula undarum, Eis, Petron. – b) abstr.: vinculum ingens immodicae cupiditatis iniectum est, Liv.: iis vinculis fugae obstricti stabant, Liv.: alligati et constricti estis amaro vinculo servitutis, Val. Max. – B) das Band, für das, wodurch etwas zusammengehalten, befestigt, erhalten oder vereinigt wird, a) konkr.: mollit pennarum vincula, ceras, Ov.: vincula oder vincla für heftige, innige Umarmungen, Tibull. u. Prop. – b) abstr.: numerorum, Cic.: coniunctionis, Cic.: fidei, Liv.: accedit maximum vinculum, Grund, Beweggrund, Ursache (zur Freundschaft), Cic.: sanguinis vincula rupit amor, Bande des Blutes, Prop.: vinclis propinquitatis coniunctus, Cic.: ille (imperator) est enim vinculum, per quod res publica cohaeret, Sen.: illa vincula, quibus quidem libentissime astringor, quanta sunt! wie stark sind erst jene Bande, durch die ich mich am liebsten an andere geknüpft sehe, Cic.: atqui non indignitas rerum sponsionis vinculum levat, schwächt nicht die Kraft der Verbürgung, Liv.: qui ius civile contemnendum putat, is vincula revellit non modo iudiciorum, sed etiam utilitatis vitaeque communis, Cic.: legis vincula ruperunt, Lact.: cuius morte optime cohaerentis rei publicae vincula resoluta sunt, Sen. – / arch. Abl. Plur. vinculeis, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 199, 43. – Über die synkop. Form vinclum s. Georges Lexik. der lat. Wortf. S. 732.

    lateinisch-deutsches > vinculum

  • 3 vinculum

    vinculum u. vinclum, ī, n. (vincio), das Band zum Binden, die Schlinge, der Strick, I) eig.: A) im allg.: epistulae, Nep.: corpora constricta vinculis, Cic.: aptare vincula collo, Strick, Ov.: vincula sibi exuere, Ov.: chartae vincula demere, Ov.: vincula epistulae laxare, Nep.: abrumpere vincula, v. Pferden, Liv.: vinculum insiti incīdere, Plin.: nodos et vincula linea rupit, Verg.: velut vinculis ori impositis reticentes, als hätten sie ein Schloß vor dem Munde, Amm.: vinclorum immensa volumina, von den caestus, Verg.: capilli vincula, Binden, Prop. – (poet.) meton. = die mit Bändern zierlich geschnürten Sandalen, s. die Ausleger zu Tibull. 1, 5, 66. – B) insbes., vincula, die Bande, Fesseln eines Gefangenen, u. meton. das Gefängnis, liber od. exsolutus vinculis, fessellos, Ps. Quint. decl. u. Suet.: u. so exutae vinclis palmae, Verg.: sed quam longe videtur a carcere atque a vinculis abesse debere, qui se ipse iam dignum custodiā iudicarit? Cic.: alqm obtortā gulā de convivio in vincula atque in tenebras abripi iubere, Cic.: abrumpere vincla, Enn. fr., od. vincula, Liv.: condere alqm (zB. captivos) in vincula, Liv.: conicere alqm in vincula, Caes.: ex vinculis causam dicere, Caes. u. Liv.: demere alci vincula, Liv.: cum de vinculis educitur audiendus, aus dem G. zum Verhöre vorgeführt wird, Amm.: effugere ex vinclis publicis, Nep.: eripere
    ————
    alqm ex vinculis, Curt.: esse in vinculis et catenis, Liv.: indere vincla, Tac.: inicere alci vincla, Tac.: irritari (wütend gemacht werden) vinculis, Liv.: laxare vincula, Ps. Quint. decl.: levare alqm vinculis, Liv. (u. so viro manicas atque arta levari vincla iubet, Verg.): liberare alqm vinculis, Liv.: alqm aeternis tenebris vinculisque mandare, Cic.: alqm Ardeam (nach A.) in vincula mittere, Liv.: onerare alqm vinculis, Iustin.: punire alqm vinculis aeternis, Val. Max.: rumpere alcis vincula, Cic.: solvere alcis vincula et claustra refringere, Cic. – II) übtr.: A) das Band, die Fessel, als Hemmungs- oder Einschränkungsmittel, a) konkr.: ex corporum vinculis evolare, Banden, Cic.: vincula solvere cado, Tibull.: vincula undarum, Eis, Petron. – b) abstr.: vinculum ingens immodicae cupiditatis iniectum est, Liv.: iis vinculis fugae obstricti stabant, Liv.: alligati et constricti estis amaro vinculo servitutis, Val. Max. – B) das Band, für das, wodurch etwas zusammengehalten, befestigt, erhalten oder vereinigt wird, a) konkr.: mollit pennarum vincula, ceras, Ov.: vincula oder vincla für heftige, innige Umarmungen, Tibull. u. Prop. – b) abstr.: numerorum, Cic.: coniunctionis, Cic.: fidei, Liv.: accedit maximum vinculum, Grund, Beweggrund, Ursache (zur Freundschaft), Cic.: sanguinis vincula rupit amor, Bande des Blutes, Prop.: vinclis propinquitatis coniunctus, Cic.: ille (imperator) est enim vinculum,
    ————
    per quod res publica cohaeret, Sen.: illa vincula, quibus quidem libentissime astringor, quanta sunt! wie stark sind erst jene Bande, durch die ich mich am liebsten an andere geknüpft sehe, Cic.: atqui non indignitas rerum sponsionis vinculum levat, schwächt nicht die Kraft der Verbürgung, Liv.: qui ius civile contemnendum putat, is vincula revellit non modo iudiciorum, sed etiam utilitatis vitaeque communis, Cic.: legis vincula ruperunt, Lact.: cuius morte optime cohaerentis rei publicae vincula resoluta sunt, Sen. – ⇒ arch. Abl. Plur. vinculeis, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 199, 43. – Über die synkop. Form vinclum s. Georges Lexik. der lat. Wortf. S. 732.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > vinculum

  • 4 Band [1]

    1. Band, das, I) das, womit etwas gebunden, umwunden, festgehalten etc. wird, a) eig., im Plur. die Bänder:vinculum. – ligamentum (was etwas sestyält, auch Verband). – copula (um etwas zusammenzubinden). – redimiculum (womit etwas umwunden wird, als Haar-, Stirnband). – armilla (Armband, Armspange der Menschen: mit einem solchen versehen, armillatus). – fascia (Ver. band für Wunden). – taenia. fascia (schmaler Streifen Zeug zu Stirn- u. Haarbändern). – lemniscus (z. B. an den Kränzen). – nodus (der Knoten am Gelenke etc. tierischer Körper, z. B. nodus oder nodi linguae: u. nodi articulorum). – commissurae (die Bänder der Glieder). – b) uneig., alles, wodurch etwas ver. bunden wird, im Plur. die Bande:vinculum. – nodus. copula (der Freundschaft u. Liebe). – coagulum (Bindemittel zwischen zweien); verb. vinculum coagulumque (z. B. animi atque amoris). – das (gemeinschaftliche) B. der Sprache, commercium linguae: ein heiliges Band, religiöse Bande, religio: das B. der Freundschaft allmählich lockern, amicitiam sensim diluere (Ggstz. repente praecīdere): die Bande des Blutes verbinden uns, sanguinis iura nos coniungunt: ein engeres Band besteht zwischen Verwandten, artior colligatio est societatis propinq uorum. – II) womit jmd. gefesselt wird, im Plur. die Bande: vinculum (Fessel). – compes (Fußfessel; beide auch uneig.). – catena (Kette). – in Ketten u. Bande werfen, in vincula mittere, conicere; [325] vinculis astringere: in K. u. B. liegen, esse in vinculis; esse in vinculis et catenis; vinculis, compedibus astrictum esse: jmd. aus Ketten u. Banden befreien, vinculis alqm liberare: der Bande ledig, vinculis exsolutus: wie von Banden, velut vinculis od. frenis exsolutus. – Uneig., den Banden des Körpers, den irdischen Banden entfliehen, e vinculis corporis evolare: von den irdischen B. befreit, corpore solutus.

    deutsch-lateinisches > Band [1]

  • 5 Fessel

    Fessel, vinculum (alles, waszum Binden dient, das Band, die Fessel, der Strick; im Plur., die Bande eines Missetäters; bildl. = Hemmungsmittel, Einschränkungsmittel). – catēna (die Kette, Fessel, als metallenes Werkzeug). – nervus (die Sehne; dah. meton. = die aus Sehnen verfertigte Schnur). – manĭca (das Handeisen, die Handfessel). – compes (die den Unterschenkel umgebende dicke u. schwere Fessel, um das Gehen [Entlaufen] des Gefesselten zu erschweren, Fußfessel, Fußeisen; bildl., wie vinculum = Hemmungsmittel, s. Cic. Tusc. 1, 75: vincula u. compedes corporis, d. i. der die Seele in Fesseln haltende Leib). – pedĭca (die Schlinge od. Fessel, worin der Fuß festgehalten wird, z.B. der eines Sklaven, eines Rindes od. Pferdes auf der Weide etc.). – in Fesseln, vinculis od. compedibus astrictus; catenis, compedibus, catenis compedibusque vinctus: in schweren Fesseln, catenis oneratus. – jmdm. Fess ein anlegen, jmd. in Fesseln legen, schlagen, werfen, vincula oder catenas oder manicas alci inicere oder imponere; alci compedes indere oder imponere; alqm in vincula oder in catenas conicere: jmd. in schwere F. legen, alqm catenis onerare: jmd. in F. legen lassen, alqm vinculis mandare, in vincula mittere; alqm in vincula duci iubere: in F. liegen, in vinculis od. in catenis oder in compedibus esse; verb. esse in vinculis et catenis; catenis vinctum esse: jmdm. die F. abnehmen, alqm vinculis levare, liberare, exsolvere; alqm ex catenis sol vere; alci compedes demere. – die F. sprengen, zerreißen, rumpere vincula od. catenas: perfringere catenas od. compedes: der Geist läßt sich nicht in F. legen, animo vincula inici non possunt: frei von den F. der Gesetze, liber exsolutusq ue legum vinculis.

    deutsch-lateinisches > Fessel

  • 6 vinclum

    vincŭlum, or (also in class. prose), contr., vinclum, i, n. [id.], that with which any thing is bound, a band, bond, rope, cord, fetter, tie (cf.: catena, manica, compes).
    I.
    Lit.:

    corpora constricta vinculis,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 52, 226:

    nodos et vincula rupit,

    Verg. A. 5, 510:

    hic fessas non vincula naves Ulla tenent,

    id. ib. 1, 168:

    Chio solvite vincla cado,

    Tib. 2, 1, 28:

    tunicarum vincla relaxat,

    Ov. F. 2, 321:

    quamvis Charta sit a vinclis non labefacta suis,

    i. e. the seal, id. P. 3, 7, 6:

    chartae sua vincula dempsi,

    id. Tr. 4, 7, 7:

    epistolae laxare,

    Nep. Paus. 4, 1:

    pennarum vincula,

    Ov. M. 8, 226:

    et Tyrrhena pedum circumdat vincula plantis,

    Verg. A. 8, 458;

    so of sandals,

    Tib. 1, 5, 66; Ov. F. 1, 410; 2, 324; 3, 823.—
    2.
    Esp. in the plur., of the fetters of prisoners, and hence sometimes to be rendered prison; and vincula publica, the state-prison:

    mitto vincla, mitto carcerem, mitto verbera, mitto secures,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 24, § 59:

    aliquem aeternis tenebris vinculisque mandare,

    id. Cat. 4, 5, 10:

    de convivio in vincla atque in tenebras abripi,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 24: in vincula conjectus, Caes. B. G, 3, 9;

    4, 27: in vincula duci,

    Liv. 3, 13, 4; 3, 49, 2; 3, 56, 4; 3, 57, 5; 5, 9, 4; 9, 34, 24; 38, 56, 9; Vell. 2, 7, 2 al.:

    in vinculis et catenis,

    Liv. 6, 16, 2;

    ex vinculis causam dicere,

    i. e. to plead in chains, Caes. B. G. 1, 4:

    publica,

    Nep. Milt. 7, 6; id. Paus. 2, 2; id. Cim. 1, 1; Paul. Sent. 5, 17, 3; 5, 26, 1.—
    II.
    Trop., a bond, fetter, tie, band:

    qui ex corporum vinculis tamquam e carcere evolaverunt,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 14, 14:

    vinculum ad astringendam fidem,

    id. Off. 3, 31, 111; cf.:

    victum ingens vinculum fidei,

    Liv. 8, 28, 8:

    vincula revellit non modo judiciorum, sed etiam utilitatis vitaeque communis,

    Cic. Caecin. 25, 70:

    vinculum ingens immodicae cupiditatis injectum est,

    Liv. 10, 13, 14: quae (beneficium et gratia) sunt vincula concordiae, Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117:

    vinculis et propinquitatis et affinitatis conjunctus,

    id. Planc. 11, 27:

    vincla summae conjunctionis,

    id. Att. 6, 2, 1:

    accedit maximum vinculum, quod ita rem publicam geris, ut, etc.,

    id. Fam. 15, 11, 2:

    quod vinclum, quaeso, deest nostrae conjunctioni,

    id. ib. 5, 15, 2:

    ne cui me vinclo vellem jugali,

    Verg. A. 4, 16; cf. Ov. M. 9, 549:

    excusare laborem et mercenaria vincla,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 67.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > vinclum

  • 7 vinculum

    vincŭlum, or (also in class. prose), contr., vinclum, i, n. [id.], that with which any thing is bound, a band, bond, rope, cord, fetter, tie (cf.: catena, manica, compes).
    I.
    Lit.:

    corpora constricta vinculis,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 52, 226:

    nodos et vincula rupit,

    Verg. A. 5, 510:

    hic fessas non vincula naves Ulla tenent,

    id. ib. 1, 168:

    Chio solvite vincla cado,

    Tib. 2, 1, 28:

    tunicarum vincla relaxat,

    Ov. F. 2, 321:

    quamvis Charta sit a vinclis non labefacta suis,

    i. e. the seal, id. P. 3, 7, 6:

    chartae sua vincula dempsi,

    id. Tr. 4, 7, 7:

    epistolae laxare,

    Nep. Paus. 4, 1:

    pennarum vincula,

    Ov. M. 8, 226:

    et Tyrrhena pedum circumdat vincula plantis,

    Verg. A. 8, 458;

    so of sandals,

    Tib. 1, 5, 66; Ov. F. 1, 410; 2, 324; 3, 823.—
    2.
    Esp. in the plur., of the fetters of prisoners, and hence sometimes to be rendered prison; and vincula publica, the state-prison:

    mitto vincla, mitto carcerem, mitto verbera, mitto secures,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 24, § 59:

    aliquem aeternis tenebris vinculisque mandare,

    id. Cat. 4, 5, 10:

    de convivio in vincla atque in tenebras abripi,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 24: in vincula conjectus, Caes. B. G, 3, 9;

    4, 27: in vincula duci,

    Liv. 3, 13, 4; 3, 49, 2; 3, 56, 4; 3, 57, 5; 5, 9, 4; 9, 34, 24; 38, 56, 9; Vell. 2, 7, 2 al.:

    in vinculis et catenis,

    Liv. 6, 16, 2;

    ex vinculis causam dicere,

    i. e. to plead in chains, Caes. B. G. 1, 4:

    publica,

    Nep. Milt. 7, 6; id. Paus. 2, 2; id. Cim. 1, 1; Paul. Sent. 5, 17, 3; 5, 26, 1.—
    II.
    Trop., a bond, fetter, tie, band:

    qui ex corporum vinculis tamquam e carcere evolaverunt,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 14, 14:

    vinculum ad astringendam fidem,

    id. Off. 3, 31, 111; cf.:

    victum ingens vinculum fidei,

    Liv. 8, 28, 8:

    vincula revellit non modo judiciorum, sed etiam utilitatis vitaeque communis,

    Cic. Caecin. 25, 70:

    vinculum ingens immodicae cupiditatis injectum est,

    Liv. 10, 13, 14: quae (beneficium et gratia) sunt vincula concordiae, Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117:

    vinculis et propinquitatis et affinitatis conjunctus,

    id. Planc. 11, 27:

    vincla summae conjunctionis,

    id. Att. 6, 2, 1:

    accedit maximum vinculum, quod ita rem publicam geris, ut, etc.,

    id. Fam. 15, 11, 2:

    quod vinclum, quaeso, deest nostrae conjunctioni,

    id. ib. 5, 15, 2:

    ne cui me vinclo vellem jugali,

    Verg. A. 4, 16; cf. Ov. M. 9, 549:

    excusare laborem et mercenaria vincla,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 67.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > vinculum

  • 8 constringo

    cōn-stringo, strīnxī, strictum, ere, zusammenschnüren, zusammenziehen, I) eig.: a) im Sinne des Festmachens, fest zu- od. anbinden, festbinden, befestigen, sarcinam, Plaut.: galeam, Val. Flacc.: artus, Scrib.: vineam alligato recte, dum ne nimium constringas, Cato: cervicalia capitibus imposita linteis constringunt, Plin. ep.: vivorum corpora cadaveribus adversa adversis alligata atque constricta, die Leiber Lebender mit Leichnamen Gesicht gegen Gesicht gekehrt fest zusammengebunden, Val. Max.: ibi (ossa scapularum) validis musculis nervisque constricta sunt, Cels. – b) im Sinne des Festhaltens, in Schrankenhaltens, zusammenschnüren, festschnüren, festbinden, membra (infantium) in rectum exitura, Sen.: alci manus, Plaut. – leb. Wesen (bes. Wahnsinnige, Verbrecher usw.) an Händen, Füßen usw., alqm, Ter. u. Cic.: alqm laqueis, vinculis, Cic. u. Val. Max.: corpora constricta vinculis, Cic.: constrictus catenā, Rutil. Lup.: u. (im Bilde) belua constricta legum sacratarum catenis, Cic.: Italiam omnibus vinclis devinctam et constrictam tenere, Cic. – m. Ang. woran? durch ad m. Acc., alqm ad carnarium, Plaut. Pseud. 200. – m. Ang. wie? durch Prädik.-Acc., alqm quadrupedem, jmdm. Hände u. Füße, Ter. Andr. 865. – c) im Sinne des Zurückhaltens, hemmen, prosperos sudores, Cael. Aur. acut. 2, 36, 188. – d) im Sinne des Verengerns, Verdichtens, α) v. Pers., einen Körperteil zusammenziehen, -falten, supercilia constricta, eng zusammenstehende (Ggstz. supercilia dissidentia), Quint.: frons constricta, Petr. – β) v. der Kälte, dicht zusammenfrieren machen, im Passiv constringi = zu einer Masse zusammenfrieren, kompakt werden, bruma nivali cuncta constrinxit gelu, Sen. poët.: nives gelu et perpetuo paene rigore constrictae, Curt. – γ) von Heilmitteln u. Speisen, zusammenziehen, konstringieren (Ggstz. relaxare), Plin. u. Cael. Aur.: constringens vis, Plin.: Partiz. subst., erunt magis constringentia (konstringierende Mittel) procuranda, Cael. Aur. chron. 2, 13, 180. – δ) v. a. Ggstdn., constringi = einlaufen, charta iterum constricta erugatur atque extenditur malleo, Plin. 13, 82. – II) übtr.: a) im Sinne des Befestigens, befestigen, fest begründen, fest-, unauflöslich machen, bes. politisch od. moralisch, Caesaris et Pompeii concordia communis sanguinis vinculo constricta, Val. Max.: c. fidem religione potius quam veritate, Cic.: psephismata iureiurando constricta, Cic. – b) im Sinne des Beschränkens, α) binden, fesseln, beschränken, in Schranken weisen, im Zaume halten, in seiner Tätigkeit lähmen, politisch u. moralisch, constrictam iam omnium horum conscientiā teneri coniurationem tuam non vides? Cic.: cum multis fenebribus legibus constricta avaritia esset, Liv.: mulieres Oppiis quondam legibus constrictae nunc vinculis exsolutis domos, fora regunt, Tac.: c. alqm lege, Sen. rhet.: c. regnum (Herrscherbefugnisse) legitimis vinculis, Val. Max.: orbem terrarum novis legibus, Cic.: voluptates inclusae diutius et primā aetate compressae et constrictae subito se non numquam profundunt atque eiciunt universae, Cic. – dah. moralisch binden = verbindlich machen, m. folg. ut od. ne u. Konj., nec ullā religione, ut scelus tegat, se posse constringi, Curt. 6, 7 (25), 8: iureiurando se constrinxit, ne quem adscriptum haberet, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 15, 3. – β) in Schrift u. Rede eng zusammenfassen, rem dissolutam divulsamque conglutinare et ratione quādam c., Cic.: sententiam aptis verbis c., Cic.

    lateinisch-deutsches > constringo

  • 9 Gefängnis

    Gefängnis, custodia (Hast, Gewahrsam) – carcer (öffentliches Gefängnis, Kerker). – vincula, ōrum,n. pl. (Ketten u. Bande). – cel la (die einzelne Zelle eines Gefangenen). – das öffentliche G., custodia publica; carcer publicus; vincula publica(n. pl.). – ins G. setzen, stecken, werfen, in custodiam (in carcerem, in vincula) condere, mittere, tradere, conicere; in custodiam (in carcerem) dare; custodiae od. vinculis mandare: ins G. stoßen, in carcerem detrudere: ins G. führen, abführen, in custodiam od. in vincula ducere, deducere, auch bl. ducere. ins G. schleppen, fortschleppen, in vincula abripere: im G. stecken, sitzen, in custodia esse od. servari; custodiā teneri; in carcere od. in vinculis esse: ins G. kommen, in custodiam (in carcerem, in vincula) condi usw. die Passiva der oben zu »ins G. setzen« angeführten Verba: jmd. aus dem G. führen, alqm e carcere producere; alqm de vinculis educere: jmd. aus dem G. entlassen, alqm ex custodia od. e carcere dimittere: aus dem G. brechen, s. durchbrechen no. II (von Gefangenen); jmd. mit G. auf Lebenszeit bestrafen, alqm aeternis vinculis punire.

    deutsch-lateinisches > Gefängnis

  • 10 ex

    [ABCU]A - ex (e, souvent devant une consonne), prép.: [st1]1 [-] en sortant de, après, venant de, de, hors de.    - ex urbe exire: sortir de la ville.    - e vita exire: mourir.    - ex vinculis: [de dedans ses chaînes] = enchaîné.    - moribus suis Orgetoricem ex vinculis causam dicere coegerunt, Caes. BG. 1: selon leurs coutumes, ils obligèrent Orgétorix à répondre enchaîné à l'accusation.    - ex praetura: après sa préture.    - album ex ovo, Cels.: blanc d'oeuf. [st1]2 [-] à partir de, depuis; de la part de.    - ex eo tempore: à partir de ce moment.    - ex equo pugnare, Plin.: combattre à cheval.    - ex ante diem tertium kalendas: depuis le troisième jour avant les calendes.    - e me ne quid metuas, Plaut.: ne crains rien de ma part. [st1]3 [-] par suite de.    - ex quo fit ut: d'où il résulte que.    - ex vulneribus mori: mourir de ses blessures. [st1]4 [-] en (matière).    - vas ex auro: vase en or. [st1]5 [-] d'après, selon.    - ex omnium sententia: de l'avis de tous.    - ex consuetudine: selon la coutume.    - ex usu esse: [être selon l'utilité] = être utile.    - e re sua agere: agir selon son intérêt.    - e re consulere: prendre une décision d'après les circonstances. [st1]6 [-] dans l'intérêt de.    - e re publica aliquid facere: faire qqch dans l'intérêt de l'Etat. [st1]7 [-] locutions diverses:    - ex animo, Ter. Ov.: du fond du coeur.    - e regione, Cic.: en face.    - ex re, Hor.: à propos.    - ex tempore, Cic.: sur-le-champ; à la hâte.    - ex improviso, Cic.: à l'improviste.    - ex insidiis, Cic.: par trahison. [ABCU]B - ex-, e-, ec-(devant f), ef-, préfixes: [st1]1 [-] mouvement vers le dehors, enlèvement, éloignement:    - e-gredi → ex + gradior: sortir.    - e-jicere: chasser de.    - ef-fugere: s'enfuir.    - ex-cusare → ex + causa: excuser, éloigner de la cause.    - ex-onerare: décharger. [st1]2 [-] mouvement vers le haut:    - ex-tollere: élever.    - ex-crescere: croître. [st1]3 [-] privation, valeur négative:    - e-gelidus: tiède, qui n'est plus gelé.    - e-rudire → ex + rudis: dégrossir.    - ex-heredere: priver d'héritage, déshériter. [st1]4 [-] achèvement:    - ex-aedificare: achever de bâtir.    - ex-sequi: suivre jusqu'au bout.    - ex-plere: remplir complètement, combler.    - ef-ficere: achever. [st1]5 [-] valeur intensive:    - ex-clamare: élever fortement la voix, crier.    - ex-petere: désirer ardemment.    - e-durus: très dur, insensible.    - ex-optatus: vivement désiré.    - ex-spoliare: dépouiller entièrement.
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    [ABCU]A - ex (e, souvent devant une consonne), prép.: [st1]1 [-] en sortant de, après, venant de, de, hors de.    - ex urbe exire: sortir de la ville.    - e vita exire: mourir.    - ex vinculis: [de dedans ses chaînes] = enchaîné.    - moribus suis Orgetoricem ex vinculis causam dicere coegerunt, Caes. BG. 1: selon leurs coutumes, ils obligèrent Orgétorix à répondre enchaîné à l'accusation.    - ex praetura: après sa préture.    - album ex ovo, Cels.: blanc d'oeuf. [st1]2 [-] à partir de, depuis; de la part de.    - ex eo tempore: à partir de ce moment.    - ex equo pugnare, Plin.: combattre à cheval.    - ex ante diem tertium kalendas: depuis le troisième jour avant les calendes.    - e me ne quid metuas, Plaut.: ne crains rien de ma part. [st1]3 [-] par suite de.    - ex quo fit ut: d'où il résulte que.    - ex vulneribus mori: mourir de ses blessures. [st1]4 [-] en (matière).    - vas ex auro: vase en or. [st1]5 [-] d'après, selon.    - ex omnium sententia: de l'avis de tous.    - ex consuetudine: selon la coutume.    - ex usu esse: [être selon l'utilité] = être utile.    - e re sua agere: agir selon son intérêt.    - e re consulere: prendre une décision d'après les circonstances. [st1]6 [-] dans l'intérêt de.    - e re publica aliquid facere: faire qqch dans l'intérêt de l'Etat. [st1]7 [-] locutions diverses:    - ex animo, Ter. Ov.: du fond du coeur.    - e regione, Cic.: en face.    - ex re, Hor.: à propos.    - ex tempore, Cic.: sur-le-champ; à la hâte.    - ex improviso, Cic.: à l'improviste.    - ex insidiis, Cic.: par trahison. [ABCU]B - ex-, e-, ec-(devant f), ef-, préfixes: [st1]1 [-] mouvement vers le dehors, enlèvement, éloignement:    - e-gredi → ex + gradior: sortir.    - e-jicere: chasser de.    - ef-fugere: s'enfuir.    - ex-cusare → ex + causa: excuser, éloigner de la cause.    - ex-onerare: décharger. [st1]2 [-] mouvement vers le haut:    - ex-tollere: élever.    - ex-crescere: croître. [st1]3 [-] privation, valeur négative:    - e-gelidus: tiède, qui n'est plus gelé.    - e-rudire → ex + rudis: dégrossir.    - ex-heredere: priver d'héritage, déshériter. [st1]4 [-] achèvement:    - ex-aedificare: achever de bâtir.    - ex-sequi: suivre jusqu'au bout.    - ex-plere: remplir complètement, combler.    - ef-ficere: achever. [st1]5 [-] valeur intensive:    - ex-clamare: élever fortement la voix, crier.    - ex-petere: désirer ardemment.    - e-durus: très dur, insensible.    - ex-optatus: vivement désiré.    - ex-spoliare: dépouiller entièrement.
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        Ex diuitiis iuuentutem luxuria atque auaritia vna cunsuperbia inuasere. Sallust. A cause des richesses, ou Par les richesses.
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        Resinam ex melle AEgyptiam vorato. Plaut. Avec du miel.
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        Ei ex aliis Gallis maximam fidem habebat. Caesar. Entre tous, etc. ou Plus que à tous les autres.
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        Ex abundanti. Quintil. D'abondant.
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        Ex_aduersum ei loco tonstrina erat quaedam. Terent. De l'autre costé, Vis à vis.
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        Ex aequo. Liu. Selon equité, Equitablement.
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        Partiri discrimen ac periculum ex aequo. Tacit. Egualement.
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        Ex aequo et bono non fit. Terent. A la vraye equité et raison.
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        Ex aequo fertilis. Plin. Aussi fertile que l'autre.
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        Ex aequo viuere cum aliquo, Id est, aequa conditione. Plin. Per à compaignon.
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        Ex alto repetere aliquid. Sallust. Cercher un propos de bien loing, de bien hault.
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        Ex animo miser. Plaut. Fasché et travaillé en son esprit.
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        Ex animo amicus. Cic. De cueur.
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        Ex animo solicitus. Plaut. Chagrin en soymesme.
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        Ex animo dicere. Terent. De cueur, Sans faintise, naifvement.
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        Ex animo velle factum. Terent. De bon cueur.
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        Ex animo amare. Cic. Du bon du cueur, Sans fiction, Cordialement.
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        Ex animo facere. Terent. De bon cueur, De courage.
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        Ex animi sententia. Cic. A ma conscience, Selon que je le pense.
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        Ex ante. Liu. Annona ex ante conuecta copia nihil mutauit. Qui avoit esté apporté devant.
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        Ex ante diem Nonarum Iuniarum. hoc est, ex Nonis Iuniis. Cic. Depuis le cinquiesme jour de Juing.
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        Ex aperto. Liu. A descouvert.
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        Ex argumento. Plin. Pour raison de ce, en signifiance de ce.
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        Ex arte dicere. Cic. Par art, Selon l'art.
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        Audiui te ex hoc. Plaut. Je t'ay desja ouy dire cela.
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        Audiui ex eo. Plaut. Je luy ay ouy dire.
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        Ex Aulide Philocrates. Plaut. Qui est de ce pays là.
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        Ex authoritate Pontificum. Plin. iunior. Par l'ordonnance des prelats.
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        Ex bono et aequo. Iulianus. Selon l'equité, et sans garder la rigueur.
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        Ex ea causa. Plin. Pour ceste cause.
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        Ex commodo mandere. Colum. Manger à loisir.
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        Ex_compacto. Suet. De faict a pensé, Ainsi qu'ils avoyent accordé, Par complot, Selon qu'ils estoyent convenuz.
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        Capere dolorem ex aliquo. Terent. D'aucun.
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        Ex_malo principio, magna familiaritas conflata est. Terent. D'un mauvais commencement.
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        Condemnatus ex inuidia. Plin. iunior. Par envie.
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        Ex aliis cognoscere aliquem. Cic. Par le recit et rapport des autres.
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        Ex literis alicuius aliquid cognoscere. Cice. Par les lettres d'aucun.
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        Comparare sua commoda ex incommodis alterius. Terent. Faire son prouffit en dommageant autruy.
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        Coniicitur in morbum ex aegritudine. Plaut. D'ennuy il est devenu malade.
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        Ex consilio iurisperitorum. Cic. Par le conseil.
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        Ex consuetudine. Cic. Selon la coustume.
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        Ex copia piscaria consulere licebit quod emam. Plaut. Selon l'abondance de poisson que je voiray qu'il y aura.
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        Ex continenti, pro Statim. Iustinus. Incontinent.
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        Ex contrario, pro Econtrario. Caesar. Au contraire.
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        Corruptus ex adolescente optimo. Plaut. Qui est devenu de bon mauvais.
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        Corruptus ex amore. Plaut. Gasté par amour.
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        Demens ex peregrina. Terent. D'amour qu'il ha en, etc.
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        Ex denuntiato. Seneca. Apres denontiation faicte et advertissement.
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        Ex destinato. Sueton. De propos deliberé.
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        Ex dignitate visum est. Liu. Il a semblé estre plus honneste.
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        Ex diuerso, et Dissimile. Plin. iunior. Contraire.
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        Ex die hoc. Plaut. Dés aujourdhuy.
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        Datus aduocatus ex iudicibus. Plin. iunior. Du nombre des juges.
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        Quae ex periculo eius tantum discrimen adierunt. Plin. iunior. Par son danger.
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        Excedere ex pueris. Cic. Sortir hors d'enfance.
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        Ex dignitate tribuere alicui. Cic. Ayant regard à son estat et dignité.
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        Ex ea re est in culpa. Terent. Pour raison de cela, Touchant cela, C'est sa faulte de cela.
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        Ex eo die. Plin. iunior. Depuis ce temps là.
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        Ex eo fit vt, etc. Cic. De cela advient que, etc.
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        Multa sunt ex eodem genere. Cic. Il y en a beaucoup de mesme sorte et facon.
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        Ex equo pugnare. Plin. A cheval.
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        Euasit ex aqua. Plaut. De l'eaue.
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        Ex eueutu rerum. Tacit. Selon que les choses adviendroyent.
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        Exire ex vrbe. Cic. Sortir de la ville.
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        Eximere ex reis. Cic. Declairer une accusation et delation faicte d'aucun crime à l'encontre d'aucun non recevable, Donner congé à la partie accusee contre l'accusateur et delateur à faulte de comparoir.
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        Diem ex die expectabam, vt statuerem quid esset faciendum. Cic. De jour en jour.
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        Exponere ex memoria. Cic. Par coeur.
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        Factus ex Oratore arator. Cic. D'un orateur laboureur.
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        Facere ex more. Plin. iunior. Selon la coustume.
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        Facere ex necessitate, vel abolere, pro Necessario: cui opponitur Sponte. Plin. iunior. Par necessité et contraincte.
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        Ex facili, pro Facile. Plin. Facilement.
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        Illud non fit ex vera vita. Terent. Cela ne se faict pas pour raison que tu faces ton debvoir.
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        Haeres ex besse relictus. Plin. iunior. Laissé heritier pour les deux tiers.
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        Ex hac re. Terent. De ceci.
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        Ex hoc solicita. Terent. Pour ce.
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        Ex illo: Sub. tempore. Virgil. Depuis ce temps là.
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        Impressa exannulo imago. Plaut. Avec un anneau, De son anneau et cachet.
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        Ex_improuiso. Cic. Contre esperance, Soubdain, Contre l'attente, Sans y avoir pensé, A despourveu, A pied levé, En sursault, A l'impourveu.
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        Incendium ex amore. Plaut. D'amour.
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        Ex_industria. Liu. Tout à espreu, Tout de gré.
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        Insanire ex iniuria. Terent. Enrager du tort qu'on nous fait.
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        Ex insidiis aucupari quam rem agat quis. Plaut. Guetter, S'embuscher, Se mettre en embusche pour guetter que fait aucun.
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        Ex insidiis verba dare. Plaut. Tascher, ou Guetter à tromper aucun.
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        Ex insidiis interire. Cic. Estre tué par embusches.
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        Ex insolentia. Liu. Pour ne l'avoir pas accoustumé.
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        Ex insperato. Liu. Sans y avoir pensé, A despourveu, A pied levé.
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        Ex_integro aliquid agere. Plin. iunior. Derechef, Tout de nouveau.
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        Ex interuallo. Liu. Cic. Par, ou Apres longue espace de temps.
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        Iudicare aliquem ex aliorum ingeniis. Terent. Selon la nature des autres.
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        Ex iure manu consertum vocare, Id est, ad conserendum. Varro. Sommer en jugement un defendeur en matiere petitoire d'aller sur le lieu contentieux pour y debatre chascun son droict de parolle, et ce faict, en prendre une motte de terre, et la porter en jugement: et sur icelle instituer son action et former sa demande, tout ainsi comme si le Preteur eust esté sur le lieu contentieux.
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        Non ex iure manu consertum, sed magis ferro rem repetunt. Cic. Ils veulent ravoir les choses par voye de faict, et non par justice.
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        Laborare ex pedibus. Cic. Avoir la goutte aux pieds.
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        Lar ex hac familia. Plaut. De ceste famille.
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        Ex lege repetere ab aliquo pecuniam. Cic. Faire poursuyte de quelque somme suyvant certaine loy.
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        Ex legibus omnes Respublicae optime administrantur. Cic. Par les loix.
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        Lorica ex aere. Virgil. D'arain.
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        Reuenire ex longinquo. Tacit. Revenir de loingtain pays.
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        Ex longo: Sub tempore. Virgil. De long temps.
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        Mors consequuta est ex aegritudine. Terent. Elle est morte d'ennuy.
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        Ex more. Liu. Selon la coustume.
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        Miser ex amore. Plaut. D'amour.
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        Noscere potes ex me. Terent. Par moy.
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        Ex natura aliquid gerere. Sueton. Suyvant sa nature.
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        Ex natura auidus. Plin. De nature.
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        Ex numero disertorum homo. Cic. Du nombre.
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        Ex obliquo. Plin. De costé.
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        Ex occasione ementium. Plin. Selon que les acheteurs viennent, où en ont affaire.
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        Ex occulto latrocinari. Plin. En cachette.
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        Euanuit ex oculis. Virgil. De devant les yeulx.
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        Vnus ex omnibus ciuibus probus. Plaut. De tous les citoyens, Entre tous.
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        Ex omnibus seculis. Cic. Depuis que le monde est monde.
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        Nec ex_opinato aduersum hostem inuadat. Liu. Contre toute esperance, A despourveu.
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        Ex opinione hominum atque fama aliquid scribere. Cic. Suyvant le commun bruit.
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        Ex ordine. Virgil. Tout de suite, D'ordre, Par ordre.
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        Ortum ex me, ex te. Plaut. C'est de par moy, J'en suis cause.
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        Ex parte maiore. Plin. Pour la plus grande partie.
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        Ex parte. Liu. En partie.
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        Ex pari gratia atruli tibi eam. Plaut. Pour la pareille, Pour te rendre le plaisir.
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        Ex praecepto. Plin. Suyvant le commandement qui leur avoit esté faict. \ Ex poenitentia. Sueton. Par repentance.
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        Ex praeparato. Liu. De guet a pensé.
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        Ex praescripto. Columel. Selon qu'autruy nous a commandé et monstré, et limité.
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        Ex_praeterito. Liu. Du passé.
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        Procul ex occulto. Terent. De loing estant caché.
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        Ex propinquo praeliari. Liu. De pres.
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        Ex professo. Quintil. Apertement, Sans desguiser ou dissimuler.
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        Ex prouocatione dimicare. Plin. Combatre à l'encontre de celuy qui nous a desfié et appelé.
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        Nemo accersitor ex proximo. Plin. iunior. D'ici pres, De chez noz prochains voisins.
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        Ex quo fit vt animosior, etc. Cic. Dont advient.
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        Ex quo: Sub. tempore. Liu. Duodequadragesimo ferme anno ex quo regnare coeperat. Depuis le temps qu'il avoit commencé à regner.
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        Ex quo nominata amicitia. Cic. Dont.
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        Ex quo manifestum est, principum disciplinam capere etiam vulgus. Plin. iunior. Dont il appert que, etc.
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        Quaerere ex aliquo, pro Interrogare. Cic. Demander à aucun.
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        Ex re tua fuerit. Plaut. Ce sera ton prouffit.
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        Ex Republica facere. Cic. Au prouffit et utilité de la Republique.
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        Ex re et ex tempore constituere aliquid. Cic. Selon que l'affaire et le temps se porteront.
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        Sanus non est ex amore. Plaut. D'amour qu'il ha en elle.
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        Scire ex aliquo. Terent. De par aucun.
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        Ex scripto. Liu. Par escript, Par livre.
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        Ex mea sententia. Plaut. Selon mon vouloir et desir, Comme je vouloye, A mon gré.
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        Ex sententia non sum hero. Plaut. Je ne suis point au gré de mon maistre, Je ne luy play point.
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        Ex sententia seruire hero. Plaut. A son gré.
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        Ex sententia seruus. Plaut. Aggreable.
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        Ex se nimium exhibet negotii. Plaut. De soymesme.
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        Ex se hunc reliquit filium. Plaut. Yssu de son corps.
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        Ex sese aliud magis habet. Terent. Il ha quelque chose qui luy touche de plus pres.
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        Ex sua quisque parte. Cic. Chascun pour sa part.
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        Ex somno timere. Cels. Apres avoir dormi.
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        Ex superuacuo. Liu. Superfluement, Inutilement.
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        Ex ipsa re mihi incidit suspicio. Terent. Il me veint en souspecon, voyant la chose comme elle alloit.
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        Ex_tempore parare. Sallust. Sur le champ, Tout à coup, Sans y penser, Tout à l'heure mesme, Selon le temps, Selon que l'affaire le requiert.
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        Audiuimus alium non ab initio fecisse, sed ex tempore aliquo confecisse. Cic. On nous raconte d'un autre qui au commencement ne souloit point faire de papier journal, qui neantmoins dés quelque temps apres en feit.
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        Ex illo tempore. Virgil. Depuis ce temps là.
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        In quibus officium ex tempore quaeritur. Cic. Selon le temps.
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        Ex_templo. Liu. Soubdainement, Incontinent, Tantost.
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        Ex toto. Plin. Du tout, Totalement.
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        Ex_transuerso quidam adortus transfigit. Liu. De costé, De travers, A la traverse. \ Ex tuto. Liu. Seurement, En seureté.
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        Ex vano. Liu. En vain.
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        Ex verbis tuis. Plaut. Selon que tu dis, A te ouir parler.
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        Celebrare facta alicuius ex veritate. Tacit. Au vray, Selon la verité.
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        Ex vero nomine vocor Robertus. Plautus. Mon vray nom est Robert.
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        Venire ex gratia in inuidiam. Plin. iunior. Venir de grace et credit à estre hay.
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        Ex summis opibus, viribusque vsque experire, nitere. Plaut. Tasche de tout ton povoir, et de toute ta force.
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        Illud accidit valde ex voluntate. Cic. Selon mon vouloir.
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        Ingredi aliquid ex voluntate alterius. Quintil. Du vouloir.
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        Vocare panem ex iure hesterno. Terent. Mouillé et trempé au brouet du jour de devant.
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        Ex voto. Plaut. Suyvant le veu, Par le veu.
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        Ex vino vacillantes. Quintil. D'avoir trop beu.
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        Ex vtero. Plaut. Dés qu'il estoit encore au ventre de sa mere.
    \
        Ex vsu tuo est. Plaut. C'est pour ton prouffit.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > ex

  • 11 constringo

    cōn-stringo, strīnxī, strictum, ere, zusammenschnüren, zusammenziehen, I) eig.: a) im Sinne des Festmachens, fest zu- od. anbinden, festbinden, befestigen, sarcinam, Plaut.: galeam, Val. Flacc.: artus, Scrib.: vineam alligato recte, dum ne nimium constringas, Cato: cervicalia capitibus imposita linteis constringunt, Plin. ep.: vivorum corpora cadaveribus adversa adversis alligata atque constricta, die Leiber Lebender mit Leichnamen Gesicht gegen Gesicht gekehrt fest zusammengebunden, Val. Max.: ibi (ossa scapularum) validis musculis nervisque constricta sunt, Cels. – b) im Sinne des Festhaltens, in Schrankenhaltens, zusammenschnüren, festschnüren, festbinden, membra (infantium) in rectum exitura, Sen.: alci manus, Plaut. – leb. Wesen (bes. Wahnsinnige, Verbrecher usw.) an Händen, Füßen usw., alqm, Ter. u. Cic.: alqm laqueis, vinculis, Cic. u. Val. Max.: corpora constricta vinculis, Cic.: constrictus catenā, Rutil. Lup.: u. (im Bilde) belua constricta legum sacratarum catenis, Cic.: Italiam omnibus vinclis devinctam et constrictam tenere, Cic. – m. Ang. woran? durch ad m. Acc., alqm ad carnarium, Plaut. Pseud. 200. – m. Ang. wie? durch Prädik.- Acc., alqm quadrupedem, jmdm. Hände u. Füße, Ter. Andr. 865. – c) im Sinne des Zurückhaltens, hemmen, prosperos sudores, Cael. Aur. acut. 2, 36,
    ————
    188. – d) im Sinne des Verengerns, Verdichtens, α) v. Pers., einen Körperteil zusammenziehen, -falten, supercilia constricta, eng zusammenstehende (Ggstz. supercilia dissidentia), Quint.: frons constricta, Petr. – β) v. der Kälte, dicht zusammenfrieren machen, im Passiv constringi = zu einer Masse zusammenfrieren, kompakt werden, bruma nivali cuncta constrinxit gelu, Sen. poët.: nives gelu et perpetuo paene rigore constrictae, Curt. – γ) von Heilmitteln u. Speisen, zusammenziehen, konstringieren (Ggstz. relaxare), Plin. u. Cael. Aur.: constringens vis, Plin.: Partiz. subst., erunt magis constringentia (konstringierende Mittel) procuranda, Cael. Aur. chron. 2, 13, 180. – δ) v. a. Ggstdn., constringi = einlaufen, charta iterum constricta erugatur atque extenditur malleo, Plin. 13, 82. – II) übtr.: a) im Sinne des Befestigens, befestigen, fest begründen, fest-, unauflöslich machen, bes. politisch od. moralisch, Caesaris et Pompeii concordia communis sanguinis vinculo constricta, Val. Max.: c. fidem religione potius quam veritate, Cic.: psephismata iureiurando constricta, Cic. – b) im Sinne des Beschränkens, α) binden, fesseln, beschränken, in Schranken weisen, im Zaume halten, in seiner Tätigkeit lähmen, politisch u. moralisch, constrictam iam omnium horum conscientiā teneri coniurationem tuam non vides? Cic.: cum multis fenebribus legibus constricta avaritia esset, Liv.: mulieres
    ————
    Oppiis quondam legibus constrictae nunc vinculis exsolutis domos, fora regunt, Tac.: c. alqm lege, Sen. rhet.: c. regnum (Herrscherbefugnisse) legitimis vinculis, Val. Max.: orbem terrarum novis legibus, Cic.: voluptates inclusae diutius et primā aetate compressae et constrictae subito se non numquam profundunt atque eiciunt universae, Cic. – dah. moralisch binden = verbindlich machen, m. folg. ut od. ne u. Konj., nec ullā religione, ut scelus tegat, se posse constringi, Curt. 6, 7 (25), 8: iureiurando se constrinxit, ne quem adscriptum haberet, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 15, 3. – β) in Schrift u. Rede eng zusammenfassen, rem dissolutam divulsamque conglutinare et ratione quādam c., Cic.: sententiam aptis verbis c., Cic.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > constringo

  • 12 verwandt

    verwandt, I) eig.; propinquus (übh. uns nahe angehörig). – necessarius (durch Familienverhältnisse uns nahe angehend). – cognatus (von väterlicher oder mütterlicher Seite verwandt, Seitenverwandter). – agnatus (von väterlicher Seite verwandt). – affinis, jmdm., mit jmd., alci (durch Heirat verwandt, verschwägert). – consanguineus. consanguinitate propinquus (blutsverwandt, bes. v. leiblichen Geschwistern). – non alienus sanguine alci (blutsverwandt, z.B. regibus). – consobrinus (leiblich Geschwisterkind). – sobrinus (zweites Geschwisterkind, Vetter). – gentilis (ein Geschlechtsverwandter, der mit mir einen Geschlechtsnamen trägt). – mit jmd. v., alci propinquus; alci necessitudine iunctus. – die Verwandten, propinqui, necessarii u. s. f.; auch cognatio. necessitudo (die Verwandtschaft = die Verwandten). – ein naher Verwandter, propinquā cognatione coniunctus: ein naher Verwandter jmds. od. von jmd., propinquā cognatione cum alqo coniunctus od. alqm contingens: der nächste V., ein sehr naher Verwandter, proximā od. artā propinquitate coniunctus: der nächste V. von jmd., proximā cognatione alqm contingens od. cum alqo coniunctus: ein entfernter V. von jmd., longinquā cognatione alqm contingens. – mit jmd. v. sein (in Verwandtschaft stehen), alci propinquum esse. alci od. cum alqo propinquitate od. necessitudine coniunctum esse. propinquitate alqm contingere od. attingere (im allg.); cognatione alqm contingere od. attingere. cognatione cum alqo coniunctum esse (von väterlicher od. mütterlicher Seite); affinitate od. affinitatis vinculis cum alqo coniunctum esse (durch Verschwägerung); sanguinis vinculo alci od. cum alqo coniunctum esse. sanguine attingere alqm (durch Blutsverwandtschaft); propinquitate affinitateque alci coniunctum esse (durch Blutsverwandtschaft u. Heirat): mütterlicherseits mit den vornehmsten u. ältesten Häusern v. sein, materno genere clarissimas veteresque familias complecti: nahe mit jmd. v. sein (in naher Verwandtschaft mit jmd. stehen), artā propinquitate od. propinquā cognatione alqm contingere od. cum alqo coniunctum esse: sehr nahe, maximis propinquitatis vinculis od. maximis propinquitatis et affinitatis vinculis cum alqo coniunctumesse; artissimo gradu contingere alqm (z.B. a matre). – entfernt (weitläufig) mit jmd. v. sein (in entfernter Verwandtschaft mit jmd. stehen), alqm longinquā cognatione contingere: gar nicht mit jmd. v. sein, nullo gradu alcis domum attingere. – II) bildl.: propinquus, (mit) jmdm. od. einer Sache, alci od. alci rei (nahestehend). – similis, mit etw., alcis od. alci rei (ähnlich). – finitimus, vicinus, jmdm. oder [2552] einer Sache, alci od. alci rei (angrenzend an etc. = sehr ähnlich, z.B. oratori finitimus est poëta); verb. propinquus et finitimus; vicinus et finitimus. – eine v. Bedeutung, propinqua significatio: v. Erscheinungen, Fälle, similitudines. – mit etw. v. sein, s. »in Verwandtschaft stehen« unter »Verwandtschaft no. II«.

    deutsch-lateinisches > verwandt

  • 13 vinculum or vinclum

        vinculum or vinclum ī, n    [vincio], a means of binding, fastening, band, bond, rope, cord, fetter, tie: corpora constricta vinculis: vincula rupit, V.: quamvis Charta sit a vinclis non labefacta suis, i. e. the seal, O.: vincula epistulae laxavit, N.: Tyrrhena pedum circumdat vincula plantis, i. e. sandals, V.— Plur, fetters, bonds, prison: mitto vincla, mitto carcerem: in vincula coniectus, Cs.: in vincula duci, L.: ex vinculis causam dicere, i. e. to plead in chains, Cs.—Fig., a bond, fetter, restraint: e corporum vinculis tamquam e carcere evolare: vinculum ingens immodicae cupiditati iniectum est, L.—A bond, tie, band: omnes artes habent quoddam commune vinculum: fidei, L.: vincula revellit iudiciorum: accedit maximum vinculum, quod ita rem p. geris, ut, etc.: Ne cui me vinclo sociare iugali, V.; cf. vinclo tecum propiore ligari, O.: Excusare mercenaria vincla, H.

    Latin-English dictionary > vinculum or vinclum

  • 14 solutum

    solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:

    soluisse,

    Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.
    I.
    To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    Outwardly, to release.
    a.
    From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:

    solvite istas,

    i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:

    solvite istum,

    id. Mil. 5, 32:

    numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:

    jube solvi (eum),

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:

    ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:

    ut vincti solvantur,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §

    12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,

    id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

    ita nexi soluti (sunt),

    Liv. 8, 28, 9:

    solvite me, pueri,

    Verg. E. 6, 24:

    fore ut brevi solveretur,

    Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:

    canis solutus catena,

    Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:

    solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),

    Stat. Th. 5, 15:

    terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—
    b.
    From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:

    solverat sol equos,

    unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:

    et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:

    et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,

    id. H. 11, 4:

    praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,

    Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:

    soluta toga,

    Quint. 11, 3, 147:

    vela solvere,

    Verg. A. 4, 574.—
    c.
    From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:

    Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,

    Prop. 2, 1, 69:

    fraxinus solvitur,

    from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:

    ceciditque soluta pinus,

    id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:

    pinus radice soluta, deficit,

    id. S. 5, 1, 152:

    solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:

    accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,

    detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;

    but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,

    Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:

    querno solvunt de stipite funem,

    id. F. 4, 333:

    fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,

    id. Am. 2, 11, 23:

    curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),

    Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:

    imber caelesti nube solutus,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:

    cum solis radii absumant,

    Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:

    solutum a latere pugionem,

    detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—
    d.
    Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.
    (α).
    With acc. alone:

    eisce confectis navem solvimus,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:

    navim cupimus solvere,

    id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:

    naves solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;

    3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,

    Liv. 45, 6:

    postero die solvere naves (jussi),

    id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

    classem solvere,

    Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—
    (β).
    With ab and abl.:

    navis a terra solverunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 101:

    quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,

    Liv. 31, 7 med.:

    solvunt a litore puppes,

    Luc. 2, 649.—
    (γ).
    With ex and abl.:

    nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:

    interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—
    (δ).
    With abl.:

    complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,

    Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

    portu solventibus,

    id. Mur. 2, 4.—
    (ε).
    Absol. (sc. navem or naves):

    tertia fere vigilia solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

    nos eo die cenati solvimus,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:

    altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,

    Liv. 31, 14 init.:

    qui inde solverant,

    Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:

    solvi mare languido,

    Sen. Ep. 53, 1:

    fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,

    id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:

    non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,

    making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—
    (ζ).
    With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):

    naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—
    (η).
    Poet. usages:

    de litore puppis solvit iter,

    clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:

    nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,

    Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—
    e.
    Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,

    Lucr. 6, 706:

    cruor solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 9, 530:

    lacrimas solvere,

    id. Achill. 2, 256:

    solutis lacrimis,

    Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,

    partus solvere,

    to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—
    2.
    To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.
    a.
    In gen.:

    omne colligatum solvi potest,

    Cic. Fin. 11.—
    b.
    Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    solvere naves et rursus conjungere,

    Curt. 8, 10, 3:

    solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:

    dubitavit an solveret pontem,

    Curt. 4, 16, 8:

    solvere pontem,

    Tac. A. 1, 69:

    si pons solutus sit,

    Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:

    solutus pons tempestatibus,

    Just. 2, 13, 9:

    currum (solis) solutum,

    Manil. 1, 740.—
    c.
    Of woven stuff:

    solvens texta,

    Prop. 2, 9, 6.—
    d.
    Of mountains:

    utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:

    tridente Neptunus montem solvit,

    id. Agam. 553.—
    e.
    Of the neck:

    soluta cervix silicis impulsu,

    broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—
    f.
    Of a comet:

    momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—
    g.
    Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:

    solve capillos,

    Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:

    crinem,

    id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:

    comas casside,

    Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—
    h.
    Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;

    post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:

    ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,

    Stat. Th. 7, 745. —
    3.
    To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.
    (α).
    Of a change into air or gas:

    calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,

    dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:

    nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,

    id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:

    ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 285;

    nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,

    Ov. M. 15, 845.—
    (β).
    Into a liquid, to melt:

    saepe terra in tabem solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:

    terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,

    id. ib. 3, 29, 4:

    nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,

    Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:

    ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,

    Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,

    nivem solvere,

    id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:

    rigor auri solvitur aestu,

    Lucr. 1, 493:

    ferrum calidi solvant camini,

    Manil. 4, 250:

    cerae igne solutae,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 47:

    Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,

    Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:

    (herba) quinto die solvitur,

    id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—
    (γ).
    Of putrefaction:

    (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,

    Verg. G. 4, 302.—
    (δ).
    Of change in general:

    inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,

    Ov. F. 1, 108:

    repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),

    Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—
    (ε).
    Of expansion by heat:

    (uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—
    (ζ).
    Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:

    gravitas aeris solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—
    (η).
    Solvi in, to pass into, become:

    in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,

    Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:

    donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,

    disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:

    postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),

    Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—
    4.
    To consume, to destroy, dissolve:

    solvere orbes,

    Manil. 1, 497:

    ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),

    Lucr. 3, 287:

    (Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,

    Liv. 39, 40, 11:

    si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:

    (turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,

    id. ib. 7, 9, 4:

    tabes solvit corpora,

    Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:

    nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),

    id. 3, 506:

    ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,

    Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:

    solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,

    Sen. Ep. 22, 3:

    hanc mihi solvite vitam,

    Prop. 2, 9, 39.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.
    a.
    From the body, etc.:

    teque isto corpore solvo,

    Verg. A. 4, 703:

    soluta corpore anima,

    Quint. 5, 14, 13:

    qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,

    Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:

    vocem solvere,

    to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:

    suspiria solvit,

    Stat. Th. 11, 604:

    solvat turba jocos,

    Sen. Med. 114:

    solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:

    Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,

    unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—
    b.
    Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:

    linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,

    Ov. M. 3, 261:

    lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,

    Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:

    ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,

    id. Const. 11, 3:

    (fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,

    Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:

    magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,

    Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.

    of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,

    unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—
    c.
    From obligations and debts:

    solvit me debito,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:

    an nos debito solverit,

    id. Ep. 81, 3:

    ut religione civitas solvatur,

    Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:

    te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:

    hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,

    Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:

    sacramento solvi,

    Tac. A. 16, 13:

    cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,

    Dig. 49, 16, 13:

    militia solvere,

    Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:

    ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,

    Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:

    ut manere solveretur,

    that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—
    d.
    From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):

    si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,

    be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:

    atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,

    id. ib. 4, 9:

    sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,

    Ov. F. 6, 452:

    ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,

    id. ib. 2, 40:

    Helenen ego crimine solvo,

    id. A. A. 2, 371:

    quid crimine solvis Germanum?

    Stat. Th. 11, 379:

    solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —
    e.
    From feelings, etc.:

    quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:

    cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:

    senatus cura belli solutus,

    Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:

    pectus linquunt cura solutum,

    Lucr. 2, 45:

    his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    soluti metu,

    Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:

    solvent formidine terras,

    Verg. E. 4, 14:

    solve metu patriam,

    Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:

    metu belli Scythas solvit,

    Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:

    haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:

    soluti a cupiditatibus,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

    his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,

    id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:

    longo luctu,

    Verg. A. 2, 26:

    tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),

    Sen. Hippol. 450:

    solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,

    id. Herc. Fur. 1063:

    Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?

    Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:

    solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),

    the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:

    rabie tigrim,

    Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:

    ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),

    Sen. Ep. 95, 38:

    calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?

    i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:

    solvite animos,

    Manil. 4, 12.—With in:

    vix haec in munera solvo animum,

    i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—
    f.
    From sleep, very rare:

    ego somno solutus sum,

    awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—
    g.
    From labor, business, etc.:

    volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,

    Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:

    solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,

    Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:

    Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,

    to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—
    h.
    From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    frontem solvere disce,

    Mart. 14, 183:

    saltem ora trucesque solve genas,

    Stat. Th. 11, 373:

    solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:

    solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,

    be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:

    vultum risu solvit,

    relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:

    risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,

    Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,

    solvere judicem,

    unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:

    solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),

    Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:

    ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:

    cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:

    solventur risu tabulae,

    i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:

    quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,

    Quint. 5, 10, 67.—
    k.
    From any cause of restraint.
    (α).
    To release from siege:

    Bassanitas obsidione solvere,

    Liv. 44, 30:

    patriam obsidione solvere,

    Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —
    (β).
    From moral restraints:

    hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,

    gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—
    l.
    From laws and rules: legibus solvere.
    (α).
    To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:

    Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:

    cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 13, 31:

    ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,

    id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:

    Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),

    id. Att. 1, 16, 13:

    solvatne legibus Scipionem,

    Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:

    petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,

    Liv. 31, 50, 8:

    Scipio legibus solutus est,

    id. Epit. 56:

    Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,

    Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:

    ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,

    Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:

    (aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:

    solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,

    id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:

    nec leti lege solutas,

    Lucr. 3, 687:

    nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),

    Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:

    et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—
    (β).
    Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:

    reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,

    i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:

    soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,

    id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:

    solutus Legibus insanis,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:

    quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,

    Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—
    2.
    To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.
    (α).
    Of troops, ranks, etc.:

    ubi ordines procursando solvissent,

    Liv. 42, 65, 8:

    incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,

    Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:

    agmina Diductis solvere choris,

    Verg. A. 5, 581:

    solvit maniplos,

    Juv. 8, 154:

    solvuntur laudata cohors,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:

    commissas acies ego possum solvere,

    Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—
    (β).
    Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:

    convivio soluto,

    Liv. 40, 14 fin.:

    convivium solvit,

    Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:

    Quid cessas convivia solvere?

    Ov. F. 6, 675:

    coetuque soluto Discedunt,

    id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—
    (γ).
    Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:

    (discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,

    Quint. 1, 9, 2:

    quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,

    id. 9, 4, 14:

    ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,

    id. 1, 8, 13:

    non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—
    3.
    Implying a change for the worse.
    a.
    To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):

    Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,

    Sen. Ep. 51, 5:

    usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:

    infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,

    Quint. 1, 2, 6:

    solutus luxu,

    id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:

    soluti in luxum,

    Tac. H. 2, 99:

    in lasciviam,

    id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:

    si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,

    Quint. 9, 4, 49.—
    b.
    To make torpid by removing sensation.
    (α).
    To relax, benumb the limbs or body;

    as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,

    Lucr. 6, 798:

    ima Solvuntur latera,

    Verg. G. 3, 523:

    solvi debilitate corporis,

    paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:

    ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,

    Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:

    illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,

    Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:

    segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,

    wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:

    mentes solvere,

    to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—
    (β).
    By frost ( poet.):

    solvuntur illi frigore membra,

    Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—
    (γ).
    By sleep ( poet. for sopio):

    homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,

    Ov. M. 7, 186:

    corpora somnus Solverat,

    id. ib. 10, 369:

    molli languore solutus,

    id. ib. 11, 648;

    11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,

    id. ib. 8, 817:

    somno vinoque solutos,

    id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:

    ut membra solvit sopor,

    id. ib. 12, 867:

    non solvit pectora somnus,

    Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:

    solvitur in somnos,

    Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:

    aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,

    lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—
    (δ).
    By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:

    corporibus quae senectus solvit,

    Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):

    (corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:

    alius inter cenandum solutus est,

    id. Ep. 66, 43:

    ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,

    id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:

    me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,

    Sen. Troad. 605:

    solvi inedia,

    Petr. 111:

    sic morte quasi somno soluta est,

    Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,
    4.
    Of logical dissolution, to refute:

    non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,

    how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:

    argumentum solvere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,

    Sen. Const. 12, 3.—
    b.
    To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:

    deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.
    II.
    To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;

    post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,

    Quint. 2, 12, 1:

    qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,

    Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:

    supera compage soluta,

    Stat. Th. 8, 31.—
    2.
    To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:

    nullo solvente catenas,

    Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:

    solvere frenum,

    Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:

    loris solutis,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:

    qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,

    Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:

    gelu solvitur,

    it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:

    solvitur acris hiems,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:

    facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:

    Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,

    looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:

    indigno non solvit bracchia collo,

    Stat. Th. 5, 217:

    digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,

    id. ib. 8, 585.—
    3.
    To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:

    solve vidulum ergo,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:

    eam solve cistulam,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 151:

    solve zonam,

    untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:

    solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 62:

    animai nodos a corpore solvit,

    Lucr. 2, 950:

    nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,

    Curt. 3, 1, 18:

    quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?

    Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:

    solvere nodum,

    Stat. Th. 11, 646:

    laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,

    Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:

    vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,

    Ov. M. 9, 58:

    fasciam solve,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 10:

    solutis fasciis,

    Curt. 7, 6, 5:

    solvi fasciculum,

    Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:

    crinales vittas,

    Verg. A. 7, 403:

    Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,

    Curt. 7, 2, 25:

    equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 9:

    redimicula solvite collo,

    Ov. F. 4, 135:

    corollas de fronte,

    Prop. 1, 3, 21:

    solvere portas,

    Stat. Th. 3, 492:

    munimina valli,

    id. ib. 12, 10:

    ille pharetram Solvit,

    Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:

    solutis ac patefactis venis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:

    venam cultello solvere,

    Col. 6, 14; cf.

    also: lychnis alvum solvit,

    looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:

    ventrem,

    Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:

    stomachus solutus = venter solutus,

    loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—
    B.
    Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.
    1.
    Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).
    a.
    Of the mouth, etc., to open:

    talibus ora solvit verbis,

    Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:

    ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,

    Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:

    vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,

    os promptius ac solutius,

    Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:

    hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—
    b.
    To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:

    si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 160:

    cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,

    id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:

    morte solvetur compromissum,

    Dig. 4, 8, 27:

    soluto matrimonio,

    ib. 24, 3, 2:

    solutum conjugium,

    Juv. 9, 79:

    qui... conjugalia solvit,

    Sen. Med. 144:

    nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,

    Ov. M. 11, 743:

    (sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,

    cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—
    c.
    To efface guilt or wrong:

    magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,

    Ov. F. 5, 304:

    solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,

    id. ib. 2, 44:

    culpa soluta mea est,

    id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:

    neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—
    d.
    Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;

    less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,

    Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

    capite poenas solvit,

    Sall. J. 69, 4:

    meritas poenas solventem,

    Curt. 6, 3, 14:

    poenarum solvendi tempus,

    Lucr. 5, 1224:

    nunc solvo poenas,

    Sen. Phoen. 172:

    hac manu poenas tibi solvam,

    id. Hippol. 1177.—
    e.
    To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:

    atque animi curas e pectore solvat,

    Lucr. 4, 908:

    curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 38:

    patrimonii cura solvatur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §

    2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,

    Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:

    solvite corde metum,

    Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:

    solve metus animo,

    Stat. Th. 2, 356:

    solvi pericula et metus narrant,

    Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:

    hoc uno solvitur ira modo,

    id. A. A. 2, 460:

    solvitque pudorem,

    Verg. A. 4, 55.—
    f.
    Of sleep:

    quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,

    Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:

    nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,

    Luc. 6, 768; cf.:

    lassitudinem solvere,

    Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —
    g.
    Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.
    (α).
    To raise a siege:

    solutam cernebat obsidionem,

    Liv. 36, 10, 14:

    soluta obsidione,

    id. 36, 31, 7:

    ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,

    id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—
    (β).
    Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:

    cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,

    Liv. 36, 7, 13.—
    (γ).
    To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:

    quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,

    Sall. J. 39, 5:

    imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,

    Sen. Oedip. 525:

    sonipedes imperia solvunt,

    id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:

    sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 58.—
    h.
    Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:

    solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),

    Curt. 10, 2, 5:

    solutae a se legis monitus,

    Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:

    cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,

    Liv. 8, 4, 7:

    (Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,

    id. 1, 49, 7:

    oportebat istum morem solvi,

    Curt. 8, 8, 18.—
    2.
    Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).
    a.
    To subvert discipline:

    disciplinam militarem solvisti,

    Liv. 8, 7, 16:

    luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,

    id. 40, 1, 4:

    quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,

    Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—
    b.
    Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:

    nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,

    Sall. J. 41, 6:

    patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    vires solvere,

    Quint. 9, 4, 7:

    vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 133.—
    c.
    Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:

    segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,

    Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;

    similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,

    Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:

    hoc firmos solvit amores,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 385:

    amores cantibus et herbis solvere,

    Tib. 1, 2, 60.—
    d.
    Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:

    vitex dicitur febres solvere,

    Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:

    solvit jejunia granis,

    Ov. F. 4, 607:

    quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,

    id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,

    famem,

    Sen. Thyest. 64.—
    e.
    To delay:

    hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,

    Sen. Troad. 1131.—
    f.
    Of darkness, to dispel:

    lux solverat umbras,

    Stat. Th. 10, 390.—
    g.
    Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:

    aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,

    Sen. Phoen. 406:

    electus formae certamina solvere pastor,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 337:

    jurgia solvere,

    Manil. 3, 115:

    contradictiones solvere,

    Quint. 7, 1, 38.—
    h.
    Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:

    quia quaestionem solvere non posset,

    Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:

    aenigmata,

    Quint. 8, 6, 53:

    omnes solvere posse quaestiones,

    Suet. Gram. 11:

    haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:

    unum tantum hoc solvendum est,

    that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:

    puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,

    id. Ep. 48, 6:

    carmina non intellecta Solverat,

    Ov. M. 7, 760:

    triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,

    Sen. Oedip. 102:

    nodos juris,

    Juv. 8, 50:

    proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,

    Quint. 5, 10, 96:

    plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,

    id. 1, 10, 49:

    quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,

    id. 3, 7, 3:

    ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,

    id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—
    3.
    In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.
    a.
    To pay.
    (α).
    Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:

    quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:

    inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),

    Liv. 6, 14, 5:

    quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,

    id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:

    pro vectura rem solvit?

    paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:

    ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,

    id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:

    tibi res soluta est recte,

    id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:

    ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 20:

    rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,

    id. ib. 5, 3, 45:

    dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:

    res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,

    id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);

    semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,

    they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:

    si tergo res solvonda'st,

    by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:

    habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,

    id. Curc. 3, 9:

    tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,
    (β).
    Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:

    cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,

    Cic. Fl. 18, 43:

    ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,

    id. ib. 20, 46:

    misimus qui pro vectura solveret,

    id. Att. 1, 3, 2:

    qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:

    ut creditori solvat,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:

    si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,

    it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:

    numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,

    to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

    fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,

    id. ib. 2, 24, 84:

    cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,

    Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:

    non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—
    (γ).
    With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:

    postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:

    hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,

    settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:

    solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,

    id. Fl. 23, 54:

    ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,

    id. Att. 16, 2, 1:

    solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:

    aes alienum solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 36, 5:

    quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?

    id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,

    debitum solvere,

    id. ib. 6, 30, 2:

    ne pecunias creditas solverent,

    Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

    ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:

    ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5:

    ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:

    cum patriae quod debes solveris,

    Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:

    debet vero, solvitque praeclare,

    id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:

    aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:

    qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —
    (δ).
    By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:

    emi: pecuniam solvi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:

    pro frumento nihil solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §

    169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,

    Liv. 44, 16:

    hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,

    Nep. Milt. 7, 6:

    nisi pecuniam solvisset,

    id. Cim. 1, 1:

    condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,

    Liv. 30, 37 med.:

    pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,

    id. 36, 3, 1:

    pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,

    id. 32, 26, 14:

    pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,

    id. 40, 39 fin.:

    meritam mercedem,

    id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:

    quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:

    stipendium,

    Liv. 28, 32, 1:

    dotem mulieri,

    Dig. 24, 3, 2:

    litem aestimatam,

    the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:

    arbitria funeris,

    the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:

    solvere dodrantem,

    to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:

    dona puer solvit,

    paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,

    munera,

    id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:

    et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,

    Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:

    si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,

    Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:

    si (actor) solutus fuisset,

    Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —
    (ε).
    Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:

    aliquid praesens solvere,

    to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,

    aliquid de praesentibus solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 97, 16:

    solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,

    Vell. 2, 25:

    quas solvere grates sufficiam?

    Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;

    nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,

    Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:

    unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,

    id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):

    Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,

    Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:

    homines dicere, se a me solvere,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 11:

    (summa) erat solvenda de meo,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:

    operas solvere alicui,

    to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:

    stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 90:

    iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,

    Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;

    2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,

    a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.

    in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,

    Liv. 31, 13:

    nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,

    Dig. 50, 17, 105:

    qui modo solvendo sint,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:

    si solvendo sint,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:

    nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:

    solvendo non erat,

    Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:

    cum solvendo civitates non essent,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,

    id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

    ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,

    id. Off. 2, 22, 79;

    and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,

    Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:

    *non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),

    Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —
    b.
    To fulfil the duty of burial.
    (α).
    Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:

    qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,

    who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:

    justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,

    Curt. 3, 12, 15:

    proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,

    id. 10, 6, 7:

    ut justa soluta Remo,

    Ov. F. 5, 452:

    nunc justa nato solve,

    Sen. Hippol. 1245.—
    (β).
    Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:

    exsequiis rite solutis,

    Verg. A. 7, 5:

    cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,

    Sen. Hippol. 1198:

    solvere suprema militibus,

    Tac. A. 1, 61.—
    c.
    Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.
    (α).
    Alone:

    vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:

    quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,

    Liv. 31, 9 fin.:

    liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,

    id. 40, 44, 8:

    placatis diis votis rite solvendis,

    id. 36, 37 fin.:

    petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,

    id. 45, 44:

    animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,

    Sen. Ep. 73, 5:

    vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,

    Tac. A. 2, 69:

    vota pater solvit,

    Ov. M. 9, 707:

    ne votum solvat,

    Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:

    voti debita solvere,

    Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.

    the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),

    Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:

    V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),

    ib. 2022 et saep.:

    sacra solvere (=votum solvere),

    Manil. 1, 427.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,

    Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:

    vota Jovi solvo,

    Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:

    sunt vota soluta deae,

    id. F. 6, 248:

    dis vota solvis,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:

    libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),

    Just. 18, 5, 4.—
    d.
    Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:

    fidem obligatam liberare,

    Suet. Claud. 9):

    illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,

    Flor. 1, 1, 12;

    similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),

    Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—
    e.
    Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):

    perinde quasi promissum solvens,

    Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:

    solvitur quod cuique promissum est,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;

    similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,

    what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:

    tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:

    reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,

    id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:

    cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?

    Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:

    nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,

    unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:

    duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,

    Liv. 27, 51:

    eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,

    id. 24, 45, 10:

    non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—
    2.
    (Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;

    postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 21;

    ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,

    Col. 2, 9:

    soluta et facilis terra,

    id. 3, 14;

    solum solutum vel spissum,

    id. 2, 2 init.;

    seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,

    Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:

    hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,

    id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:

    solutiores ripae,

    Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:

    mas spissior, femina solutior,

    Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:

    dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—
    3.
    (Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:

    turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:

    aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

    debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    (Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:

    (orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,

    Cic. Or. 47, 173:

    verbis solutus satis,

    id. ib. 47, 174:

    solutissimus in dicendo,

    id. ib. 48, 180.—
    2.
    Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:

    quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?

    Cic. Planc. 30, 72:

    soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,

    unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

    si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;

    non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,

    id. ib. 4, 21, 3;

    solutus omni fenore,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 4;

    nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,

    Liv. 8, 32, 5:

    Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—
    3.
    Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:

    quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,

    Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:

    apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,

    i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:

    maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—
    4.
    Free from cares, undistracted:

    animo soluto liberoque,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:

    sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—
    5.
    At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:

    te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:

    quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:

    Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—
    6.
    Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:

    quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,

    Cic. Dom. 39, 104:

    an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?

    Sen. Ep. 23, 4:

    vultus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 355:

    (mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,

    unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—
    7.
    Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:

    cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,

    Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:

    ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,

    Liv. 29, 1 fin.:

    Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,

    Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:

    incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,

    Tac. A. 2, 4:

    quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,

    Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:

    rectore solutos (solis) equos,

    Stat. Th. 1, 219.—
    8.
    Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:

    nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;

    cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,

    id. Div. 1, 2, 4:

    judicio senatus soluto et libero,

    id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:

    sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

    si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

    liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,

    uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—
    9.
    Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:

    amores soluti et liberi,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    licentia,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 4:

    populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,

    id. ib. 1, 34, 53:

    quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,

    id. Mil. 13, 34:

    quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,

    Liv. 27, 31 fin.:

    adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,

    id. 2, 1, 2:

    solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,

    a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,

    Suet. Aug. 44:

    mores soluti,

    licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—
    10.
    Regardless of rules, careless, loose:

    orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,

    Cic. Brut. 62, 225:

    dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,

    Tac. A. 16, 18.—
    11.
    Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.
    (α).
    Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:

    est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,

    Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—
    (β).
    More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);

    in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,

    Cic. Or. 52, 174:

    mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,

    id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;

    68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,

    Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;

    de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,

    id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:

    ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,

    id. ib. 7, 1:

    primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,

    Cic. Brut. 8, 32:

    Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,

    id. Or. 57, 192:

    et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,

    id. ib. 64, 215:

    a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,

    id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—
    (γ).
    Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:

    ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:

    nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,

    id. Brut. 79, 274:

    orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,

    id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—
    (δ).
    Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:

    soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,

    Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:

    solutiora componere,

    id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—
    12.
    Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):

    sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,

    Quint. 11, 3, 146.—
    13.
    Undisciplined, disorderly:

    omnia soluta apud hostes esse,

    Liv. 8, 30, 3:

    nihil temeritate solutum,

    Tac. A. 13, 40:

    apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,

    Just. 34, 2, 2.—
    14.
    Lax, remiss, weak:

    mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,

    Tac. Or. 18:

    soluti ac fluentes,

    Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:

    solutum genus orationis,

    a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:

    quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,

    laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—
    C.
    (Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:

    aliquid in solutum dare,

    to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:

    qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:

    qui rem in solutum accipit,

    Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;

    in solutum imputare,

    to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:

    pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,

    Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:

    pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,

    Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.
    1.
    Thinly:

    corpora diffusa solute,

    Lucr. 4, 53.—
    2.
    Of speech, fluently:

    non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 29, 110:

    ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,

    id. ib. 81, 280:

    quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,

    Tac. A. 4, 31.—
    3.
    Irregularly, loosely:

    a fabris neglegentius solutiusque composita,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 30, 4.—
    4.
    Freely, without restraint:

    generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,

    i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—
    5.
    Of style, without connection, loosely:

    enuntiare,

    Quint. 11, 2, 47.—
    6.
    Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:

    praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),

    Liv. 39, 1, 4:

    in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,

    id. 23, 37, 6.—
    7.
    Weakly, tamely, without vigor:

    quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,

    Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—
    8.
    Of morals, loosely, without restraint:

    ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,

    Tac. A. 13, 47.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > solutum

  • 15 solvo

    solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:

    soluisse,

    Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.
    I.
    To loose an object bound, to release, set free, disengage, dissolve, take apart.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    Outwardly, to release.
    a.
    From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:

    solvite istas,

    i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:

    solvite istum,

    id. Mil. 5, 32:

    numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:

    jube solvi (eum),

    Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:

    ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:

    ut vincti solvantur,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §

    12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,

    id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:

    ita nexi soluti (sunt),

    Liv. 8, 28, 9:

    solvite me, pueri,

    Verg. E. 6, 24:

    fore ut brevi solveretur,

    Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:

    canis solutus catena,

    Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:

    solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),

    Stat. Th. 5, 15:

    terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—
    b.
    From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:

    solverat sol equos,

    unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:

    et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:

    et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,

    id. H. 11, 4:

    praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,

    Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:

    soluta toga,

    Quint. 11, 3, 147:

    vela solvere,

    Verg. A. 4, 574.—
    c.
    From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:

    Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,

    Prop. 2, 1, 69:

    fraxinus solvitur,

    from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:

    ceciditque soluta pinus,

    id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:

    pinus radice soluta, deficit,

    id. S. 5, 1, 152:

    solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:

    accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,

    detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;

    but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,

    Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:

    querno solvunt de stipite funem,

    id. F. 4, 333:

    fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,

    id. Am. 2, 11, 23:

    curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),

    Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:

    imber caelesti nube solutus,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:

    cum solis radii absumant,

    Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:

    solutum a latere pugionem,

    detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—
    d.
    Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.
    (α).
    With acc. alone:

    eisce confectis navem solvimus,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:

    navim cupimus solvere,

    id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:

    naves solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;

    3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,

    Liv. 45, 6:

    postero die solvere naves (jussi),

    id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:

    classem solvere,

    Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—
    (β).
    With ab and abl.:

    navis a terra solverunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 101:

    quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,

    Liv. 31, 7 med.:

    solvunt a litore puppes,

    Luc. 2, 649.—
    (γ).
    With ex and abl.:

    nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:

    interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,

    id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—
    (δ).
    With abl.:

    complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,

    Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:

    portu solventibus,

    id. Mur. 2, 4.—
    (ε).
    Absol. (sc. navem or naves):

    tertia fere vigilia solvit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 23:

    nos eo die cenati solvimus,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:

    altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,

    Liv. 31, 14 init.:

    qui inde solverant,

    Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:

    solvi mare languido,

    Sen. Ep. 53, 1:

    fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,

    id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:

    non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,

    making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—
    (ζ).
    With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):

    naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—
    (η).
    Poet. usages:

    de litore puppis solvit iter,

    clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:

    nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,

    Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—
    e.
    Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,

    Lucr. 6, 706:

    cruor solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 9, 530:

    lacrimas solvere,

    id. Achill. 2, 256:

    solutis lacrimis,

    Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,

    partus solvere,

    to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—
    2.
    To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.
    a.
    In gen.:

    omne colligatum solvi potest,

    Cic. Fin. 11.—
    b.
    Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    solvere naves et rursus conjungere,

    Curt. 8, 10, 3:

    solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:

    dubitavit an solveret pontem,

    Curt. 4, 16, 8:

    solvere pontem,

    Tac. A. 1, 69:

    si pons solutus sit,

    Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:

    solutus pons tempestatibus,

    Just. 2, 13, 9:

    currum (solis) solutum,

    Manil. 1, 740.—
    c.
    Of woven stuff:

    solvens texta,

    Prop. 2, 9, 6.—
    d.
    Of mountains:

    utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:

    tridente Neptunus montem solvit,

    id. Agam. 553.—
    e.
    Of the neck:

    soluta cervix silicis impulsu,

    broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—
    f.
    Of a comet:

    momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—
    g.
    Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:

    solve capillos,

    Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:

    crinem,

    id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:

    comas casside,

    Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—
    h.
    Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;

    post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:

    ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,

    Stat. Th. 7, 745. —
    3.
    To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.
    (α).
    Of a change into air or gas:

    calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,

    dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:

    nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,

    id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:

    ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 285;

    nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,

    Ov. M. 15, 845.—
    (β).
    Into a liquid, to melt:

    saepe terra in tabem solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:

    terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,

    id. ib. 3, 29, 4:

    nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,

    Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:

    ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,

    Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,

    nivem solvere,

    id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:

    rigor auri solvitur aestu,

    Lucr. 1, 493:

    ferrum calidi solvant camini,

    Manil. 4, 250:

    cerae igne solutae,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 47:

    Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,

    Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:

    (herba) quinto die solvitur,

    id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—
    (γ).
    Of putrefaction:

    (vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,

    Verg. G. 4, 302.—
    (δ).
    Of change in general:

    inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,

    Ov. F. 1, 108:

    repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),

    Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—
    (ε).
    Of expansion by heat:

    (uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—
    (ζ).
    Hence, solvere, absol., to rarefy:

    gravitas aeris solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 5, 1.—
    (η).
    Solvi in, to pass into, become:

    in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,

    Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:

    donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,

    disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:

    postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),

    Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—
    4.
    To consume, to destroy, dissolve:

    solvere orbes,

    Manil. 1, 497:

    ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),

    Lucr. 3, 287:

    (Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,

    Liv. 39, 40, 11:

    si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:

    (turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,

    id. ib. 7, 9, 4:

    tabes solvit corpora,

    Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:

    nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),

    id. 3, 506:

    ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,

    Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:

    solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,

    Sen. Ep. 22, 3:

    hanc mihi solvite vitam,

    Prop. 2, 9, 39.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.
    a.
    From the body, etc.:

    teque isto corpore solvo,

    Verg. A. 4, 703:

    soluta corpore anima,

    Quint. 5, 14, 13:

    qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,

    Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:

    vocem solvere,

    to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:

    suspiria solvit,

    Stat. Th. 11, 604:

    solvat turba jocos,

    Sen. Med. 114:

    solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:

    Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,

    unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—
    b.
    Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:

    linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,

    Ov. M. 3, 261:

    lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,

    Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:

    ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,

    id. Const. 11, 3:

    (fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,

    Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:

    magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,

    Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.

    of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,

    unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—
    c.
    From obligations and debts:

    solvit me debito,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:

    an nos debito solverit,

    id. Ep. 81, 3:

    ut religione civitas solvatur,

    Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:

    te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:

    hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,

    Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:

    sacramento solvi,

    Tac. A. 16, 13:

    cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,

    Dig. 49, 16, 13:

    militia solvere,

    Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:

    ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,

    Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:

    ut manere solveretur,

    that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—
    d.
    From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):

    si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,

    be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:

    atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,

    id. ib. 4, 9:

    sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,

    Ov. F. 6, 452:

    ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,

    id. ib. 2, 40:

    Helenen ego crimine solvo,

    id. A. A. 2, 371:

    quid crimine solvis Germanum?

    Stat. Th. 11, 379:

    solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —
    e.
    From feelings, etc.:

    quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:

    cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,

    Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:

    senatus cura belli solutus,

    Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:

    pectus linquunt cura solutum,

    Lucr. 2, 45:

    his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:

    soluti metu,

    Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:

    solvent formidine terras,

    Verg. E. 4, 14:

    solve metu patriam,

    Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:

    metu belli Scythas solvit,

    Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:

    haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,

    Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:

    soluti a cupiditatibus,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

    his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,

    id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:

    longo luctu,

    Verg. A. 2, 26:

    tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),

    Sen. Hippol. 450:

    solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,

    id. Herc. Fur. 1063:

    Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?

    Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:

    solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),

    the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:

    rabie tigrim,

    Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:

    ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),

    Sen. Ep. 95, 38:

    calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?

    i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:

    solvite animos,

    Manil. 4, 12.—With in:

    vix haec in munera solvo animum,

    i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—
    f.
    From sleep, very rare:

    ego somno solutus sum,

    awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—
    g.
    From labor, business, etc.:

    volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,

    Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:

    solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,

    Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:

    Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,

    to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—
    h.
    From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    frontem solvere disce,

    Mart. 14, 183:

    saltem ora trucesque solve genas,

    Stat. Th. 11, 373:

    solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:

    solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,

    be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:

    vultum risu solvit,

    relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:

    risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,

    Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,

    solvere judicem,

    unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:

    solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),

    Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:

    ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:

    cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:

    solventur risu tabulae,

    i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:

    quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,

    Quint. 5, 10, 67.—
    k.
    From any cause of restraint.
    (α).
    To release from siege:

    Bassanitas obsidione solvere,

    Liv. 44, 30:

    patriam obsidione solvere,

    Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —
    (β).
    From moral restraints:

    hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,

    gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—
    l.
    From laws and rules: legibus solvere.
    (α).
    To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:

    Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:

    cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 13, 31:

    ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,

    id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:

    Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),

    id. Att. 1, 16, 13:

    solvatne legibus Scipionem,

    Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:

    petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,

    Liv. 31, 50, 8:

    Scipio legibus solutus est,

    id. Epit. 56:

    Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,

    Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:

    ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,

    Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:

    (aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:

    solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,

    id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:

    nec leti lege solutas,

    Lucr. 3, 687:

    nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),

    Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:

    et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—
    (β).
    Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:

    reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,

    i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:

    soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,

    id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:

    solutus Legibus insanis,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:

    quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,

    Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—
    2.
    To dissolve, separate objects which are united, to break up, dismiss.
    (α).
    Of troops, ranks, etc.:

    ubi ordines procursando solvissent,

    Liv. 42, 65, 8:

    incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,

    Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:

    agmina Diductis solvere choris,

    Verg. A. 5, 581:

    solvit maniplos,

    Juv. 8, 154:

    solvuntur laudata cohors,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:

    commissas acies ego possum solvere,

    Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—
    (β).
    Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:

    convivio soluto,

    Liv. 40, 14 fin.:

    convivium solvit,

    Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:

    Quid cessas convivia solvere?

    Ov. F. 6, 675:

    coetuque soluto Discedunt,

    id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—
    (γ).
    Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:

    (discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,

    Quint. 1, 9, 2:

    quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,

    id. 9, 4, 14:

    ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,

    id. 1, 8, 13:

    non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—
    3.
    Implying a change for the worse.
    a.
    To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):

    Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,

    Sen. Ep. 51, 5:

    usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:

    infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,

    Quint. 1, 2, 6:

    solutus luxu,

    id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:

    soluti in luxum,

    Tac. H. 2, 99:

    in lasciviam,

    id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:

    si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,

    Quint. 9, 4, 49.—
    b.
    To make torpid by removing sensation.
    (α).
    To relax, benumb the limbs or body;

    as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,

    Lucr. 6, 798:

    ima Solvuntur latera,

    Verg. G. 3, 523:

    solvi debilitate corporis,

    paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:

    ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,

    Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:

    illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,

    Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:

    segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,

    wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:

    mentes solvere,

    to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—
    (β).
    By frost ( poet.):

    solvuntur illi frigore membra,

    Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—
    (γ).
    By sleep ( poet. for sopio):

    homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,

    Ov. M. 7, 186:

    corpora somnus Solverat,

    id. ib. 10, 369:

    molli languore solutus,

    id. ib. 11, 648;

    11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,

    id. ib. 8, 817:

    somno vinoque solutos,

    id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:

    ut membra solvit sopor,

    id. ib. 12, 867:

    non solvit pectora somnus,

    Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:

    solvitur in somnos,

    Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:

    aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,

    lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—
    (δ).
    By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:

    corporibus quae senectus solvit,

    Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):

    (corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:

    alius inter cenandum solutus est,

    id. Ep. 66, 43:

    ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,

    id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:

    me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,

    Sen. Troad. 605:

    solvi inedia,

    Petr. 111:

    sic morte quasi somno soluta est,

    Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,
    4.
    Of logical dissolution, to refute:

    non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,

    how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:

    argumentum solvere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 34:

    solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,

    Sen. Const. 12, 3.—
    b.
    To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:

    deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.
    II.
    To loose, remove, cancel that which binds any thing.
    A.
    In a corporeal sense.
    1.
    In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;

    post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,

    Quint. 2, 12, 1:

    qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,

    Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:

    supera compage soluta,

    Stat. Th. 8, 31.—
    2.
    To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:

    nullo solvente catenas,

    Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:

    solvere frenum,

    Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:

    loris solutis,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:

    qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,

    Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:

    gelu solvitur,

    it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:

    solvitur acris hiems,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:

    facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:

    Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,

    looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:

    indigno non solvit bracchia collo,

    Stat. Th. 5, 217:

    digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,

    id. ib. 8, 585.—
    3.
    To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:

    solve vidulum ergo,

    Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:

    eam solve cistulam,

    id. Am. 2, 2, 151:

    solve zonam,

    untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:

    solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,

    Stat. Th. 5, 62:

    animai nodos a corpore solvit,

    Lucr. 2, 950:

    nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,

    Curt. 3, 1, 18:

    quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?

    Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:

    solvere nodum,

    Stat. Th. 11, 646:

    laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,

    Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:

    vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,

    Ov. M. 9, 58:

    fasciam solve,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 10:

    solutis fasciis,

    Curt. 7, 6, 5:

    solvi fasciculum,

    Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:

    crinales vittas,

    Verg. A. 7, 403:

    Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,

    Curt. 7, 2, 25:

    equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,

    Sen. Ep. 80, 9:

    redimicula solvite collo,

    Ov. F. 4, 135:

    corollas de fronte,

    Prop. 1, 3, 21:

    solvere portas,

    Stat. Th. 3, 492:

    munimina valli,

    id. ib. 12, 10:

    ille pharetram Solvit,

    Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:

    solutis ac patefactis venis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:

    venam cultello solvere,

    Col. 6, 14; cf.

    also: lychnis alvum solvit,

    looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:

    ventrem,

    Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:

    stomachus solutus = venter solutus,

    loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—
    B.
    Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.
    1.
    Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).
    a.
    Of the mouth, etc., to open:

    talibus ora solvit verbis,

    Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:

    ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,

    Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:

    vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,

    os promptius ac solutius,

    Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:

    hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—
    b.
    To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:

    si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 160:

    cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,

    id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:

    morte solvetur compromissum,

    Dig. 4, 8, 27:

    soluto matrimonio,

    ib. 24, 3, 2:

    solutum conjugium,

    Juv. 9, 79:

    qui... conjugalia solvit,

    Sen. Med. 144:

    nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,

    Ov. M. 11, 743:

    (sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,

    cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—
    c.
    To efface guilt or wrong:

    magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,

    Ov. F. 5, 304:

    solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,

    id. ib. 2, 44:

    culpa soluta mea est,

    id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:

    neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—
    d.
    Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;

    less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,

    Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

    capite poenas solvit,

    Sall. J. 69, 4:

    meritas poenas solventem,

    Curt. 6, 3, 14:

    poenarum solvendi tempus,

    Lucr. 5, 1224:

    nunc solvo poenas,

    Sen. Phoen. 172:

    hac manu poenas tibi solvam,

    id. Hippol. 1177.—
    e.
    To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:

    atque animi curas e pectore solvat,

    Lucr. 4, 908:

    curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 38:

    patrimonii cura solvatur,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §

    2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,

    Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:

    solvite corde metum,

    Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:

    solve metus animo,

    Stat. Th. 2, 356:

    solvi pericula et metus narrant,

    Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:

    hoc uno solvitur ira modo,

    id. A. A. 2, 460:

    solvitque pudorem,

    Verg. A. 4, 55.—
    f.
    Of sleep:

    quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,

    Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:

    nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,

    Luc. 6, 768; cf.:

    lassitudinem solvere,

    Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —
    g.
    Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.
    (α).
    To raise a siege:

    solutam cernebat obsidionem,

    Liv. 36, 10, 14:

    soluta obsidione,

    id. 36, 31, 7:

    ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,

    id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—
    (β).
    Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:

    cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,

    Liv. 36, 7, 13.—
    (γ).
    To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:

    quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,

    Sall. J. 39, 5:

    imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,

    Sen. Oedip. 525:

    sonipedes imperia solvunt,

    id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:

    sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 58.—
    h.
    Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:

    solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),

    Curt. 10, 2, 5:

    solutae a se legis monitus,

    Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:

    cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,

    Liv. 8, 4, 7:

    (Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,

    id. 1, 49, 7:

    oportebat istum morem solvi,

    Curt. 8, 8, 18.—
    2.
    Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).
    a.
    To subvert discipline:

    disciplinam militarem solvisti,

    Liv. 8, 7, 16:

    luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,

    id. 40, 1, 4:

    quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,

    Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—
    b.
    Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:

    nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,

    Sall. J. 41, 6:

    patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    vires solvere,

    Quint. 9, 4, 7:

    vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 133.—
    c.
    Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:

    segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,

    Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;

    similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,

    Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:

    hoc firmos solvit amores,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 385:

    amores cantibus et herbis solvere,

    Tib. 1, 2, 60.—
    d.
    Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:

    vitex dicitur febres solvere,

    Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:

    solvit jejunia granis,

    Ov. F. 4, 607:

    quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,

    id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,

    famem,

    Sen. Thyest. 64.—
    e.
    To delay:

    hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,

    Sen. Troad. 1131.—
    f.
    Of darkness, to dispel:

    lux solverat umbras,

    Stat. Th. 10, 390.—
    g.
    Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:

    aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,

    Sen. Phoen. 406:

    electus formae certamina solvere pastor,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 337:

    jurgia solvere,

    Manil. 3, 115:

    contradictiones solvere,

    Quint. 7, 1, 38.—
    h.
    Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:

    quia quaestionem solvere non posset,

    Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:

    aenigmata,

    Quint. 8, 6, 53:

    omnes solvere posse quaestiones,

    Suet. Gram. 11:

    haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:

    unum tantum hoc solvendum est,

    that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:

    puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,

    id. Ep. 48, 6:

    carmina non intellecta Solverat,

    Ov. M. 7, 760:

    triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,

    Sen. Oedip. 102:

    nodos juris,

    Juv. 8, 50:

    proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,

    Quint. 5, 10, 96:

    plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,

    id. 1, 10, 49:

    quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,

    id. 3, 7, 3:

    ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,

    id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—
    3.
    In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.
    a.
    To pay.
    (α).
    Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:

    quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,

    Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:

    inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),

    Liv. 6, 14, 5:

    quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,

    id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:

    pro vectura rem solvit?

    paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:

    ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,

    id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:

    tibi res soluta est recte,

    id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:

    ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 20:

    rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,

    id. ib. 5, 3, 45:

    dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,

    id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:

    res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,

    id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);

    semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,

    they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:

    si tergo res solvonda'st,

    by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:

    habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,

    id. Curc. 3, 9:

    tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,
    (β).
    Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:

    cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,

    Cic. Fl. 18, 43:

    ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,

    id. ib. 20, 46:

    misimus qui pro vectura solveret,

    id. Att. 1, 3, 2:

    qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:

    ut creditori solvat,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:

    si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,

    it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:

    numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,

    to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

    fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,

    id. ib. 2, 24, 84:

    cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,

    Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:

    non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—
    (γ).
    With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:

    postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:

    hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,

    settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:

    solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,

    id. Fl. 23, 54:

    ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,

    id. Att. 16, 2, 1:

    solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:

    aes alienum solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 36, 5:

    quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?

    id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,

    debitum solvere,

    id. ib. 6, 30, 2:

    ne pecunias creditas solverent,

    Cic. Pis. 35, 86:

    ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:

    ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5:

    ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:

    cum patriae quod debes solveris,

    Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:

    debet vero, solvitque praeclare,

    id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:

    aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:

    qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —
    (δ).
    By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:

    emi: pecuniam solvi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:

    pro frumento nihil solvit,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §

    169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,

    Liv. 44, 16:

    hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,

    Nep. Milt. 7, 6:

    nisi pecuniam solvisset,

    id. Cim. 1, 1:

    condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,

    Liv. 30, 37 med.:

    pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,

    id. 36, 3, 1:

    pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,

    id. 32, 26, 14:

    pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,

    id. 40, 39 fin.:

    meritam mercedem,

    id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:

    quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,

    Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:

    stipendium,

    Liv. 28, 32, 1:

    dotem mulieri,

    Dig. 24, 3, 2:

    litem aestimatam,

    the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:

    arbitria funeris,

    the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:

    solvere dodrantem,

    to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:

    dona puer solvit,

    paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,

    munera,

    id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:

    et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,

    Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:

    si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,

    Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:

    si (actor) solutus fuisset,

    Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —
    (ε).
    Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:

    aliquid praesens solvere,

    to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,

    aliquid de praesentibus solvere,

    Sen. Ep. 97, 16:

    solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,

    Vell. 2, 25:

    quas solvere grates sufficiam?

    Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;

    nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,

    Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:

    unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,

    id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):

    Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,

    Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:

    homines dicere, se a me solvere,

    id. ib. 5, 21, 11:

    (summa) erat solvenda de meo,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:

    operas solvere alicui,

    to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:

    stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,

    Gai. Inst. 4, 90:

    iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,

    Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;

    2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,

    a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.

    in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,

    Liv. 31, 13:

    nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,

    Dig. 50, 17, 105:

    qui modo solvendo sint,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:

    si solvendo sint,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:

    nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,

    Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:

    solvendo non erat,

    Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:

    cum solvendo civitates non essent,

    id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,

    id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

    ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,

    id. Off. 2, 22, 79;

    and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,

    Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:

    *non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),

    Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —
    b.
    To fulfil the duty of burial.
    (α).
    Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:

    qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,

    who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:

    justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,

    Curt. 3, 12, 15:

    proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,

    id. 10, 6, 7:

    ut justa soluta Remo,

    Ov. F. 5, 452:

    nunc justa nato solve,

    Sen. Hippol. 1245.—
    (β).
    Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:

    exsequiis rite solutis,

    Verg. A. 7, 5:

    cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,

    Sen. Hippol. 1198:

    solvere suprema militibus,

    Tac. A. 1, 61.—
    c.
    Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.
    (α).
    Alone:

    vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:

    quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,

    Liv. 31, 9 fin.:

    liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,

    id. 40, 44, 8:

    placatis diis votis rite solvendis,

    id. 36, 37 fin.:

    petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,

    id. 45, 44:

    animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,

    Sen. Ep. 73, 5:

    vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,

    Tac. A. 2, 69:

    vota pater solvit,

    Ov. M. 9, 707:

    ne votum solvat,

    Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:

    voti debita solvere,

    Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.

    the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),

    Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:

    V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),

    ib. 2022 et saep.:

    sacra solvere (=votum solvere),

    Manil. 1, 427.—
    (β).
    With dat.:

    ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,

    Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:

    vota Jovi solvo,

    Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:

    sunt vota soluta deae,

    id. F. 6, 248:

    dis vota solvis,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:

    libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),

    Just. 18, 5, 4.—
    d.
    Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:

    fidem obligatam liberare,

    Suet. Claud. 9):

    illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,

    Flor. 1, 1, 12;

    similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),

    Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—
    e.
    Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):

    perinde quasi promissum solvens,

    Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:

    solvitur quod cuique promissum est,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;

    similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,

    what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:

    tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,

    id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:

    reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,

    id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:

    cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?

    Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:

    nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,

    unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:

    duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,

    Liv. 27, 51:

    eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,

    id. 24, 45, 10:

    non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,

    Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—
    2.
    (Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;

    postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 21;

    ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,

    Col. 2, 9:

    soluta et facilis terra,

    id. 3, 14;

    solum solutum vel spissum,

    id. 2, 2 init.;

    seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,

    Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:

    hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,

    id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:

    solutiores ripae,

    Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:

    mas spissior, femina solutior,

    Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:

    dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,

    Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—
    3.
    (Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:

    turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:

    aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

    debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    (Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:

    (orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,

    Cic. Or. 47, 173:

    verbis solutus satis,

    id. ib. 47, 174:

    solutissimus in dicendo,

    id. ib. 48, 180.—
    2.
    Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:

    quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?

    Cic. Planc. 30, 72:

    soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,

    unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

    si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;

    non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,

    id. ib. 4, 21, 3;

    solutus omni fenore,

    Hor. Epod. 2, 4;

    nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,

    Liv. 8, 32, 5:

    Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—
    3.
    Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:

    quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,

    Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:

    apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,

    i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:

    maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,

    Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—
    4.
    Free from cares, undistracted:

    animo soluto liberoque,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:

    sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—
    5.
    At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:

    te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:

    quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:

    Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—
    6.
    Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:

    quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,

    Cic. Dom. 39, 104:

    an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?

    Sen. Ep. 23, 4:

    vultus,

    Stat. Th. 5, 355:

    (mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,

    unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—
    7.
    Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:

    cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,

    Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:

    ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,

    Liv. 29, 1 fin.:

    Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,

    Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:

    incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,

    Tac. A. 2, 4:

    quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,

    Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:

    rectore solutos (solis) equos,

    Stat. Th. 1, 219.—
    8.
    Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:

    nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;

    cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,

    id. Div. 1, 2, 4:

    judicio senatus soluto et libero,

    id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:

    sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

    si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

    liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,

    uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—
    9.
    Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:

    amores soluti et liberi,

    Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    licentia,

    id. ib. 4, 4, 4:

    populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,

    id. ib. 1, 34, 53:

    quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,

    id. Mil. 13, 34:

    quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,

    Liv. 27, 31 fin.:

    adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,

    id. 2, 1, 2:

    solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,

    a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:

    spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,

    Suet. Aug. 44:

    mores soluti,

    licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—
    10.
    Regardless of rules, careless, loose:

    orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,

    Cic. Brut. 62, 225:

    dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,

    Tac. A. 16, 18.—
    11.
    Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.
    (α).
    Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:

    est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,

    Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—
    (β).
    More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);

    in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,

    Cic. Or. 52, 174:

    mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,

    id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;

    68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,

    Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;

    de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,

    id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:

    ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,

    id. ib. 7, 1:

    primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,

    Cic. Brut. 8, 32:

    Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,

    id. Or. 57, 192:

    et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,

    id. ib. 64, 215:

    a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,

    id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—
    (γ).
    Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:

    ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:

    nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,

    id. Brut. 79, 274:

    orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,

    id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—
    (δ).
    Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:

    soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,

    Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:

    solutiora componere,

    id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—
    12.
    Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):

    sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,

    Quint. 11, 3, 146.—
    13.
    Undisciplined, disorderly:

    omnia soluta apud hostes esse,

    Liv. 8, 30, 3:

    nihil temeritate solutum,

    Tac. A. 13, 40:

    apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,

    Just. 34, 2, 2.—
    14.
    Lax, remiss, weak:

    mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,

    Tac. Or. 18:

    soluti ac fluentes,

    Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:

    solutum genus orationis,

    a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:

    quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,

    laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—
    C.
    (Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:

    aliquid in solutum dare,

    to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:

    qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:

    qui rem in solutum accipit,

    Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;

    in solutum imputare,

    to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:

    pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,

    Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:

    pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,

    Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.
    1.
    Thinly:

    corpora diffusa solute,

    Lucr. 4, 53.—
    2.
    Of speech, fluently:

    non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 29, 110:

    ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,

    id. ib. 81, 280:

    quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,

    Tac. A. 4, 31.—
    3.
    Irregularly, loosely:

    a fabris neglegentius solutiusque composita,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 30, 4.—
    4.
    Freely, without restraint:

    generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,

    i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—
    5.
    Of style, without connection, loosely:

    enuntiare,

    Quint. 11, 2, 47.—
    6.
    Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:

    praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),

    Liv. 39, 1, 4:

    in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,

    id. 23, 37, 6.—
    7.
    Weakly, tamely, without vigor:

    quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,

    Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—
    8.
    Of morals, loosely, without restraint:

    ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,

    Tac. A. 13, 47.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > solvo

  • 16 carcer

    carcer, eris, m. (sikulisch κάρκαρον), die Umfriedigung, die Umzäunung, dah. I) das Gefängnis, der Kerker, Gewahrsam, A) eig.: nervus, carcer, moletrina, Cato fr.: ostium carceris, Cic.: ianitor carceris, Cic.: custos carceris, Manil. u. carcerum custodes, Firm. math.: ratio carceris, Cic.: plenus carcer damnatis, Sen. rhet.: vadere in carcerem, Cic.: in carcerem ducere, condere, conicere, contrudere, Cic.: in carcerem includere, Cic., carcere includere, Liv.: in carcere includi, Cic.: in carcere includi inter fures nocturnos, Liv.: vinculis et carcere fatigare alqm, Cic.: emitti e carcere, Cic.: carcerem aperire, Lact.: carcerem refringere, Liv.: carcerem effringere, Tac.: sunt ita multi, ut eos carcer capere non possit, Cic. – vom Körper (als dem Gefängnis der Seele, vgl. Macr. somn. Scip. 1, 10, 9 sqq.), qui e corporum vinculis tamquam e carcere evolaverunt, Cic.: illa vincula carceris rumpere, Cic.: in corpora ire iussisse (animas), quorum indutae carceribus etc., Arnob. 2, 45: haec (mors) e carcere educit, Sen. ad Marc. 20, 2. – B) meton.: 1) = die eingekerkerten Verbrecher, in me carcerem effudistis, Cic. Pis. 16. – 2) als Schimpfwort, etwa = Schurke, Ter. Phorm. 373: carcer vix carcere dignus, Lucil. sat. 28, 62 (cf. inc. 141). – II) die Schranken der Rennbahn, gew. (in Prosa immer) im Plur., carcere od. carceribus effundi od. se effundere, Verg.: e carceribus exire, Varr. LL. u. Cic.: e carceribus emitti cum alqo, Cic.: carceribus missi currus, Hor.: exspectant vel uti consul cum mittere signum volt omnes avidi spectant ad carceris oras, quam mox emittat pictis e faucibus currus, Enn. ann. 87 sqq.: im Bilde, nemini fortuna currum e carcere intimo missum labi inoffensum per aecor (= aequor) candidum ad calcem sivit, Varr. sat. Men. 288: ad carceres a calce revocari, das Leben von neuem beginnen, Cic. de sen. 83; vgl. Cic. de amic. 101. Varr. r. r. 1, 3 u. 2, 7, 1.

    lateinisch-deutsches > carcer

  • 17 custodia

    cūstōdia, ae, f. (custos), die Wache, Hut, I) im allg., die Wache, Bewachung, Überwachung (Kontrolle), die Hut, Obhut, der Schirm, die Beschirmung, die Bewahrung, die Aufsicht, Beaufsichtigung, die achtsame Fürsorge, auch die Sicherheitsmaßregel ( hingegen tutela = der Schutz, die schützende Aufsicht) 1) eig.: a) übh., m. subj. Genet., hospitum privatorum, Liv.: pastoris, Col.: canum, Cic.: materni corporis, Cic.: templi, Liv.: tenebrarum ac parietum custodiae, Cic. – m. obj. Genet., mei capitis, Cic.: corporis, Cic. (vgl. unten no. d): ignis (Vestae), Cic.: regis, Beschirmung des Königs = Schonung des Lebens des Königs, Iustin. 2, 6, 18: rei publicae, Cic.: sui, Achtsamkeit auf sich selbst, Cels.: conservandi sui, Cic.: urbis, Obhut, Verwaltung der Stadt (zB. vom Präfektus Urbi), Vell. (vgl. unten no. d): c. diligens, Curt.: dura matrum, Hor.: fida canum, Cic.: fida iustitiae (subj. Genet.), Cic.: una c. fidelis memoriae rerum gestarum, die einzige zuverlässige Art der Aufbewahrung, Liv.: intentior, Liv.: frugum et pecudum c. sollers, Verg.: summa rei publicae, Cic. – alqm diligenti od. intentiore custodiā asservare, Liv. u. Curt.: sacra fideli custodiā asservare (v. einem Orte), Liv.: committere alci custodiam pecuniae, Curt.: continere tabulas privatā custodiā, Cic.: decipere custodiam pastoris (v. Tieren), Col.: dimittere (aufgeben) custodiam mei capitis, provinciae, Cic.: facere salutis custodiam, Scrib.: non sine tacita custodia haberi, heimlich überwacht (kontrolliert) werden, Frontin.: regis filium non sub hospitum modo privatorum custodia, sed publicae etiam curae ac velut tutelae esse velle, Liv.: eloquentiam orbam (gleichs. verwaiste Jungfrau) domi tenere saeptam liberali custodiā, Cic.: omnibus custodiis (jeder Art von Kontrolle) subiectus, Cic.: fratris liberos ne materni quidem corporis custodia tegere potuit, Cic. – b) die Aufsicht des Knabenführers, c. paedagogorum, Quint. 1, 2, 25. – c) die Aufsicht, Wache des Frauenwächters, tristis c., Prop. 2, 6, 39: tristis c. servi, Ov. art. am. 3, 601. – d) die Wache, Bewachung des Wächters (Nachtwächters, milit. Postens), das Wachehalten, Wachestehen, Schildwachestehen, verb. excubiae et custodiae, Cic. – m. subj. Genet., c. militum, Suet.: custodiae classium, Caes. – m. obj. Genet., c. arcis, Liv.: corporis, Cic.: portae, Suet.: portus, Liv.: urbis, Liv. – custodiae maritimae, Caes.: custodiae nocturnae praefectus, Nachtwachtmeister, Apul. – custodiae od. suae custodiae causā (als Leibwache), zB. Gallos equites suae custodiae causa circum se habere, Caes.: u. petere turmam equitum Romanorum, Sall. – agere urbis custodiam, Liv.: agitare hic custodiam, Plaut.: committere custodiam corporis feris barbaris, Cic.: credere alci custodiam illam od. custodiam alcis, Nep.: inde intentioris utrimque custodiae esse, Liv.: ponere navem ad custodiam, Caes.: ponere militem ad custodiam aditus, Liv.: polliceri excubias et custodias (Posten- u. Schildwachestehen), Cic.: praeesse custodiae portus, Liv.: remittere de custodiis maritimis, Caes.: saepire alqm custodiā militum, Suet.: neglegenter servare custodias, Liv.: tradere III cohortibus custodiam navium longarum, Caes. – haec a custodiis classium loca maxime vacabant, Caes.

    2) meton.: a) die Wache = die Wache stehenden Personen, der Wachtposten, die Schildwache, Leibwache, die Bedeckung, Besatzung, α) im Sing., in Prosa nur kollektiv, custodiam ex suis ac praesidium sex milia hominum unā reliquerunt, Caes. b. G. 2, 29, 4: pauci de custodia (Leibwache) Germani, Suet. Cal. 45, 1. – bei Dichtern v. einer Pers., cernis, custodia qualis vestibulo sedeat (v. der Tisiphone), Verg.: unicus anser erat, minimae custodia villae, Ov.: v. mehreren, abest custodia regis, Leibwache, Ov.: vigil Phrygios servat custodia muros, Ov. – β) im Plur. (oft verb. custodiae stationesque od. stationes custodiaeque, custodiae vigiliaeque od. ac vigiliae, praesidia custodiaeque), frequens custodiis locus, ein stark mit W. besetzter, Liv.: nocte dieque iuxta parata instructaque omnia custodiis ac vigiliis erant, Liv. – m. subj. Genet., custodiae hostium, Liv.: c. munitionum, Auct. b. Alex.: propter custodias Menapiorum (zB. clam transire non posse), Caes. – custodiae artae, Liv.: horribiles, Cic.: c. laxatae, Liv. – custodiis circumsaepire alqm, Lact.: vinclis custodiisque circummoenitum esse, Plaut.: circumdare horribiles custodias, Cic.: deducere custodias munitionum, Auct. b. Alex.: defendere sua tecta custodiis vigiliisque, Cic.: disponere custodias diligentius, Caes., paulo incautius in muro, Caes., u. verb. praesidia custodiasque ad ripas Ligeris, Caes.: custodias in portis, vigilias vicatim exigere (aufbieten), Liv.: alias custodias fallere, Liv.: eo (dadurch) custodias hostium fallere, Liv.: intentissimas custodias fallere (v. Sklaven), Sen.: inclusus nostris custodiis exercitus (feindl. Heer), Vell.: coloniam munire praesidiis, custodiis, vigiliis, Cic.: ponere custodias circa portas, Liv.: saepire domum custodiis, Nep.: saepire domum et vias acribus custodiis, Tac.: custodias tollere, die Zollwachtposten, Mautposten aufheben, Cic. de prov. cons. 10. – b) der Standort der Wache, der Wachtposten, Posten, haec mea sedes est, haec vigilia (Wache), haec custodia (Posten), hoc praesidium stativum (Standlager), Cic.: in hac custodia et tamquam specula (Warte) collocati sumus, Cic. – familias maximas in portubus atque custodiis habere (Zollwacht –, Mautposten), Cic. de imp. Pomp. 16.

    3) übtr., die Bewahrung, Beobachtung, decoris, Quint.: suae religionis (seines Eides), Quint.: summa pudoris, Sen.: diligentior ritus patrii, Vell.

    II) insbes., die Verwahrung, der Gewahrsam, die Haft, sowohl abstr. = Gefangenhaltung jmds., als auch konkret = das Gefängnis, bes. im Plur., 1) eig., m. subj. Genet., custodiae hominis privati, Cic.: custodiae amicorum propinquorumque, Cic. – c. artissima, Mela: publica, Cic.: regia, Cic.: nimis soluta, Liv.: tutissima, Cic. u. Liv. – bes. oft c. libera, im Zshg. auch bl. custodia, die freie Überwachung, Haft, der freie, weite Arrest (griech. φυλακώ ελευθέρα, indem einem Staatsgefangenen ein bestimmtes Gebiet als Aufenthalt angewiesen wird, das er nicht überschreiten darf), Liv. u.a., im Plur. v. mehreren, Sall. – attinere alqm publicā custodiā, Tac.: asservari privati hominis custodiis, Cic.: alqm huic optimae atque tutissimae custodiae non audere committere, Cic.: alqm in custodiam condere, conicere, Liv.: dare alqm in custodiam, Cic., alqm alci in custodiam, Suet.: dare se in custodiam (freie H.), Cic.: in libera custodia Albae decedere (sterben), Vell.: alqm ex custodia dimittere, Liv.: Romanos in custodiam civitatium dividere, Liv.: oppidanorum turbam per finitimos populos in custodiam dividere, Liv.: multitudo in custodias divisa, Liv.: alqm Albam in custodiam (freie H.) ducere, Liv.: alqm e custodia educere, Cic.: elabi (entrinnen) custodiae, Tac. u. Flor.: emittere alqm e custodia et levare vinculis, Cic.: eripere alqm e custodia, Cic.: esse in custodia publica od. regia, Cic.: esse apud alqm in lignea custodia, Plaut.: habere alqm in custodia, Tac., seorsus in custodia, Liv.: habere ipsos per municipia in custodiis, Sall.: haberi in liberis custodiis (v. mehreren), Sall.: habere alqm in custodia, Tac. hist. 1, 58 u. habere alqm prope in custodiam, wie in Haft Befindliche behandeln, Liv.: includere in praedonum hostiumque custodias tantum numerum civium Romanorum, Cic.; vgl. alqm velut custodiae causā balneis includere, Liv.: tali modo custodiā liberari, Nep. (vgl. im Bilde alqm istis corporis custodiis liberare, Cic.): mittere alqm alci in custodiam, Liv.: mittere alqm cum obsidibus in custodiam Carseolos (nach K.), Liv.: necari in custodia, Caes.: perire a morbo in alcis custodia, Nep., u. perire morbo in eadem custodia, Suet.: praeesse custodiae (zB. is, qui custodiae praeerat, der Kerkermeister), Val. Max.: servare alqm liberā custodiā haud procul a castris, Liv.: tenere alqm vinculis et artissimā custodiā, Mela: teneri eādem custodiā, Nep.: teneri in custodiis (v. mehreren), Sall.: tradere alqm in custodiam, Cic. (u. so tr. alqm in cust. Rheginis [den Rh. = bei den Rh.]), Liv., od. Ephesi, Cic.: traditi incustoditi in custodiam omnes sunt, seorsum cives sociique, Liv.: tradere alqm custodiae, Suet.

    2) meton., der Eingekerkerte, Verhaftete, der Arrestant, unus ex custodiarum agmine, Sen. ep. 77, 18: custodiarum series, Suet. – eadem catena et custodiam et militem copulat, Sen. ep. 5, 7. – custodias asservare per milites, Plin. ep.: seriem custodiarum od. custodias recognoscere, Suet.: quod ubique esset custodiae (alle Eingekerkerten, die sich irgendwo befanden), in Italiam deportari praeceperat, Suet. – / Alter Genet. custodias von den Gramm. (Charis. 107, 12. Serv. Verg. Aen. 11, 801) fälschlich angenommen bei Sall. hist. fr. 3, 35 (42), s. Dietsch u. Kritz z. St.

    lateinisch-deutsches > custodia

  • 18 abnehmen

    abnehmen, I) v. tr. herab- od. hinwegnehmen: A) im allg.: 1) eig.: demere (Ggstz. affigere, addere, z. B. galeam, sibi diadema, alci vincula). – detrahere (herab-, wegziehen, z. B. anulum de digito: u. torquem ex hoste: u. stramenta e mulis: u. sibi cruminam de collo: u. frenos equis). – abducere (gelinde wegziehen, zugweise abnehmen, z. B. clavem). – eximere (herausnehmen, z. B. clavem: u. alqm e vinculis = jmdm. die Fesseln). – levare (abheben, lüpfen, z. B. capitis tegumentum [v. einem Adler]: od. durch Abheben jmd. von etw. leichtermachen, z. B. iumenta sarcinis: u. alqm fasce, das Bündel abn., um es selbst zu tragen). – deponere (ablegen, iumentis onera: sich selbst, arma od. vestes umeris: u. coronam). – ponere (von sich legen, tunicam: u. coronam luctus gratiā). – abicere (von sich abwerfen, rasch von sich legen, amiculum: u. insigne regium de capite suo). – exuere (Angezogenes, vermittelst eines Riemens über die Schulter Gehängtes ausziehen, alci clipeum: u. mantĭcam suam umero: u. manum vinculis: u. sibi vincula: u. amiculum). – refigere (losheften, Angenageltes abmachen, clipeum de poste Neptuni). – solvere (loslösen, losmachen, catenas, frenum: u. corollas de nostra fronte: u. pugionem a latere). – tollere (aufheben u. wegnehmen, z. B. ollam [vom Feuer]; patinam, cibos [von der Tafel]. – auferre (wegtragen, wegnehmen, [32] alci pileum [v. einem Adler]: alci anulum dedigito: auch mit dem Messer = wegschneiden, summum articulum caudae). – einen Erhängten a., detrahere alqm ex suspendio; expedire alqm e laqueo. – jmd. vom Kreuze a., deponere alcis corpus de cruce; detrahere alqm ex cruce. – den Verband von der Wunde a., vulnus aperire od. detegere. – die Decke, Hülle von etw. a., levare tegumentum alcis rei (z. B. capitis); retegere alqd (z. B. caput ebrii).

    2) übtr.: a) jmd. od. eine Sache von irgend einer Last erleichtern: adimere (Ggstz. dare, z. B. ingentes dolores). – levare alqm alqā re (gleichs. wegheben von etc., alqm vectigali, alqm onere: u. magna ex parte animos religione [fromme Angst]). – eximere (gleichs. herausnehmen aus etc., agrum de vectigalibus: u. alqm ex metu, ex culpa). – solvere (von etw. losmachen, alqm omni publico munere: u. alqm curā etnegotio, v. einer Sache). – liberare (frei machen, alqm istā curā: u. alqm onere). – jmdm. die Aufsicht über die Kinder a., alqm curā liberorum liberare od. solvere (Ggstz. liberorum curam alci delegare). – jmdm. ein Amt a., immunitatem muneris alci dare. – b) ein Geschäft ablegen lassen, s. Eid, Rechnung. – c) von od. aus einer Sache etw. abn., d. i. einsehen, ersehen: intellegere, aus etw., ex alqa re. – iudicare, aus etw., ex alqa re (beurteilend erkennen). – colligere, aus etwas, ex alqa re (aus voraus gegangenen Umständen den logischen Schluß bilden, z. B. inde paucitatem hostium: u. ex eo colligere poteris, qnantā occupatione distinear). – conicere, coniecturam facere od. capere, aus etw., ex alqa re (aus vorausge gangenen Umständen mutmaßlich einen Schluß zusammenstellen). – coniecturā videre, aus etw., ex alqa re (durch mutmaßlichen Schluß sehen, z. B. hoc ex aliquot rebus). – coniecturā assequi od. consequi, aus etw., ex alqa re (durch mutmaßlichen Schluß zu etw. gelangen, etw. begreifen). – interpretari, von od. aus etw., ex alqa re (etw. aus etw. herausdeuten und so auf etw. schließen, z. B. consilium [Absicht] ex necessitate, voluntatem ex vi). – ich nehme es von mir ab, de meo sensu iudico (ich urteile nach meinem Gefühl); de me facio coniecturam (ich mache den mutmaßlichen Schluß nach mir); ad me ipsum refero (ich führe es auf mich selbst zurück, bemesse es nach mir selbst); mihi sum exemplo (ich diene mir selbst zum Beispiel). – soviel ich a. kann, quantum (ego) intellego od. intellegere possum; ut nos iudicamus; quantum coniecturā consequor.

    B) prägn.: 1) = abkaufen: emere alqd ab od. de alqo. – 2) entziehend, beraubend nehmen: demere (z. B. iacenti spolia). – adimere (im Ggstz. zu dare, donare, z. B. regna: im Ggstz. zu addere, z. B. adimere diviti, addere pauperi: im Ggstz. zu tribuere, z. B. aliquid Caesari adimat, inde ut Pompeio tribuat: im Ggstz. zu reddere, z. B. alci regnum: im Ggstz. zu relinquere, z. B. omnia ea sociis adimere, quae victores hostibus reliquerant). – exuere alqm alqā re (gleichs. von etw. ausziehen, z. B. hostem castris, praedā: u. alqm agro [33] paterno). – detrahere (gegen ben Willen entziehen, z. B. equitibus equos: im Ggstz. zu dare, z. B. alci Armeniam: im Ggstz. zu deferre, z. B. alci fasces: im Sinne des Verminderns, de prandio nihil). – auferre (jmdm. wegnehmen, bes. unbefugter- u. ungerechterweise, z. B. ab alqo hydriam: u. uni Ptolemaeo prope sex milia talentorum). – eripere (entreißen, gewaltsam abn., z. B. alci gladium: u. classem Caesari); verb. alci alqd eripere et auferre. – surripere (entwenden, heimlich u. durch List abn., mappam praetori). – furari (stehlen, diebischerweise abn.). – capere alqd de od. ab od. ex alqo (erobern, durch Eroberung abn., z. B. agrum de Tarquiniensibus: u. patriam ab hostibus: u. Sassulam urbem ex Tiburtibus). – recipere od. recuperare alqd ab alqo (etwas wiedererobern, wieder abnehmen, z. B. rec. urbem a Gallis: u. recip. omnem praedam ab hostibus: u. recup. Italiam ab Hannibale). – jmdm. das Gelda., pecuniam alci adimere, auferre od. eripere: im Spiel jmdm. etw. a., auferre alci alqd (z. B. nummos). – jmdm. ein Amt, das Kommando a., s. abdanken no. I, c.

    II) v. intr. es nimmt etw. od. jmd. ab, d. i. = es wird verkleinert, vermindert, minuitur (z. B. puteus, multitudo, frigus, morbus: u. minuitur diligentia consuetudine). – od. deminuitur (z. B. res familiaris mea lege Caesaris: u. deminuuntur vires inopiā frumenti). – od. imminuitur (z. B. pretium). – u. = es mindert sich, minuit (an Größe u. Umfang, z. B. aestus [Flut], luna). – od. minuit se (an Stärke, z. B. morbus). – od. imminuit so (z. B. dolor). – u. = es nimmt im Wachstum, im Wachsen, Steigen ab, decrescit (z. B. flumen,luna, grex, febris, morbus, dies). – u. = es altert gleichs., senescit (z. B. orbis lunae, luna, hiems, vires, pugna: u. studium cum spe: u. rumores). – od. consenescit (z. B. vires, vires civitatis). – u. = es läßt nach, remittit (z. B. ventus, imber, pestilentia, febris, dolores). – od. se remittit (z. B. morbus, dolor, furor). – od. remittitur (z. B. febris ex toto, frigus, virtus). – u. = es wird teilweise gehoben, wird erleichtert, levatur (z. B. morbus, dolor, febris, annona). – u. = es wird leichter, weniger beschwerlich, levior fit (z. B. febris, morbus: dah. es hat abgenommen, levior est, z. B. febris, dolor). – u. = es gleitet gleichs. abwärts, sinkt, labitur (z. B. paulatim disciplina [Zucht]: u. magis magisque mores). – u. = es macht sich fort, geht aus, deficit (z. B. crumina: u. vires); verb. consenescit et deficit (z. B. vires). – u. = es ermattet, erschlafft, languescit (z. B. industria: u. von Pers., corpore). – u. = es hört nach u. nach auf zu brausen, defervescit (z. B. aestus: u. hominum studia: u. ira). – u. = es wird stumpf, hebescit (z. B. sensus [Sinne]: oculi, acies mentis: u. virtus, nimmt an Wert, an Geltung ab). – die Hitze nimmt ab, calor refrigeratur (kühlt sich ab, Ggstz. calor crescit); calor se frangit (bricht sich): das Gesicht nimmt ab, oculi hebescunt; acies oculorum hebes est, bei jmd., alci: Gesicht u. Gehör haben abgenommen, sensus oculorum et aurium hebetes sunt: das Gedächtnis nimmt [34] ab, memoria minuitur (wird vermindert); memoria labat (wankt, ist nicht mehr treu).

    deutsch-lateinisches > abnehmen

  • 19 bandenfrei, -los

    bandenfrei, -los, vinculis exsolutus (eig.). – velut vinculis od. frenis exsolutus (übtr., wie von Banden od. von dem Zaume befreit).

    deutsch-lateinisches > bandenfrei, -los

  • 20 befreien

    befreien, liberare alqā re u. ab alqo. – exsolvere alqā re (erlösen). – eximere alqā re od. ex od. de alqa re (entziehen, mit de alqa re = von etw. ausnehmen, z. B. agrum de vectigalibus). – levare alqā re (entledigen, v. unangenehmen Zuständen, wie Furcht, Sorgen, Kummer). – expedire alqā re (herauswickeln). – extrahere ex alqa re (herausziehen). – eripere ex od. ab alqa re (herausreißen; letztere drei = aus Gefahren u. bes. unangenehmen Zuständen b.). – redimere ex alqa re od. ab alqo (loskaufen). – jmd. vom Kriegsdienste, alci dare militiae vacationem. – von Abgaben befreit, s. abgabenfrei: von den irdischen Banden befreit, corporis vinculis relaxatus; corpore solutus: vom Fieber befreit sein, febri carere. – sich befreien, se liberare. in libertatem se vindicare. libertatem capessere (übh. sich in Freiheit setzen). – ex vinculis effugere. carceris vincula rumpere (aus dem Gefängnisse, letzteres gewaltsamerweise). – sich von Schulden b., se liberare aere alieno: sich aus einer unglücklichen Lage b., ex malis se emergere od. se extrahere. – Befreier, liberator od. umschr. is qui liberat od. liberavit. – libertatis auctor (Urheber der Freiheit). – vindex (der Retter aus etc., der Erlöser von etc., z. B. aus Gefahr, periculi: aus der Sklaverei, libertatis). – der B. aus der Sklaverei (durch Loskaufung), is qui e servitute od. ab hoste redimit (redemit). – Befreiung, liberatio (das Befreien u. das Befreitwerden). – vacatio alcis rei od. ab alqa re (das Freisein von Diensten). – immunitas (Freisein von Abgaben).

    deutsch-lateinisches > befreien

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